Template:Cite web

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[edit] [purge] Template documentation

This template is used to cite online sources in LIMSwiki articles. {{Cite news}} can also be used when citing a news source; for general information about citations in Wikipedia articles, see *Wikipedia:Citing sources. More information on the use of citation templates is available at Category:Citation templates.

Usage

Note: None of the parameters should be capitalised, in order to avoid the article being tagged as having a broken citation. For example, use "url", "title", etc. - not "URL", "Title", etc.

Common forms with authors in any format

Citations within a page should use consistent formats. However, there is no consensus about which format is best. The following examples are for citations where one or more authors are listed in a single |author=authors parameter, using any format. Also shown below are two separate date formats that are commonly used in Wikipedia:

Day Month Year
{{cite web |url= |title= |author= |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate=21 November 2024}}
Month Day, Year
{{cite web |url= |title= |author= |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate=November 21, 2024}}

Common forms with last1, first1; last2, first2

The examples below will suffice for up to two authors each with first and last names; for more, just create more parameters in a similar style:

Day Month Year
{{cite web |url= |title= |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate=21 November 2024}}
Month Day, Year
{{cite web |url= |title= |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate=November 21, 2024}}

All parameters

When copying all parameters in either the vertical or horizontal layouts, delete those which are not needed.

All parameters, horizontal layout
{{cite web |url= |title= |first= |last= |author= |authorlink= |coauthors= |date= |month= |year= |work= |publisher= |location= |page= |pages= |at= |language= |trans_title= |format= |doi= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |accessdate= |quote= |ref= |separator= |postscript=}}
All parameters, vertical layout
{{cite web
| url         = 
| title       = 
| first       = 
| last        = 
| author      = 
| authorlink  = 
| coauthors   = 
| date        = 
| month       = 
| year        = 
| work        = 
| publisher   = 
| location    = 
| page        = 
| pages       = 
| at          = 
| language    = 
| trans_title = 
| format      = 
| doi         = 
| archiveurl  = 
| archivedate = 
| accessdate  = 
| quote       = 
| ref         = 
| separator   = 
| postscript  = 
}}

Required parameters

  • url: URL of online item. Start the url with the communications protocol, e.g. http://.
  • title: Title of online item. This title will appear as the citation itself, hyperlinked to the URL. Certain characters must be replaced with their HTML numeric reference to be used in the title. The character "[" must be replaced with "[", "]" with "]", and "|" (vertical bar) with "|".

Optional parameters

  • author parameters
    • author
    • last works with first to produce last, first
    • authorlink works either with author or with last & first to link to the appropriate wikipedia article. Does not work with URLs.
    • last1, first1, ..., last9, first9 and optionally authorlink1, ..., authorlink9 for specifying more authors (note: last1, first1 and authorlink1 are synonyms for last, first and authorlink, so use either last1 or last, not both)
    • coauthors: alternate way of specifying additional authors (to be used in conjunction with parameter(s) above in order to be visible)
  • a date parameter
    • either date: Full date of publication. Should not be wikilinked.
    • or year: Year of publication, and month: Name of the month of publication. If you also have the day, use date instead. Should not be wikilinked.
  • format: Format, e.g. PDF. HTML implied if not specified.
  • work: If this item is part of a larger "work", such as a book, periodical or website, write the name of that work. Do not italicize; the software will do so automatically.
  • publisher: Publisher, if any—for example if the website is hosted by a government service, educational institution, or company. (The publisher is not usually the name of the website, that is usually the work).
    • location: Geographical place of publication.
  • a page parameter
    • either page: Page number if a multi-page web article and referencing a single page. "page=5" produces p. 5.
    • or pages: Page numbers if a multi-page web article and referencing more than one page. "pages=5–7" produces pp. 5–7. This is for listing the pages relevant to the citation, not a total number of pages.
    • or at: When the page prefix is unwanted. "at=Table 5" produces Table 5.
  • language: language of publication (do not specify "English" as this is the default).
    • trans_title: A translated title of the article, in case the original title is in a foreign language. Would normally be used in conjunction with the 'language' parameter.
  • doi: A digital object identifier for the document, such as 10.1038/news070508-7
    • Doilabel: If the doi contains some characters that must be escaped, use "doilabel" for the unescaped version. See {{doi}}: "id" is equivalent to "doi" and "label" is "doilabel"
  • archive parameters (if used, both parameters must be used together)
    • archiveurl: The URL of an archived copy of the page, if (or in case) the url becomes unavailable. Typically used to refer to services like WebCite and Archive.org.
    • archivedate: Date when the item was archived. Should not be wikilinked.
  • accessdate: Full date when item was accessed. Should not be wikilinked. This should be given if the publication date is unknown; see Citation styles.
  • quote: Relevant quote from online item.
  • ref: ID for anchor. By default, no anchor is generated. The ordinary nonempty value |ref=ID generates an anchor with the given ID; such a linkable reference can be made the target of wikilinks to full references, especially useful in short citations like shortened notes and parenthetical referencing. The special value |ref=harv generates an anchor suitable for the {{harv}} template; see anchors for Harvard referencing templates.
  • separator: The separator to use in lists of authors, editors, etc. Defaults to ".", but "," may be useful also. If the field is present, but blank, no separator will be used.
  • postscript: The closing punctuation for the citation. If specified, over-rides the default behaviour of terminating the citation with a full stop. If the field is present, but blank, no terminating punctuation will be used. This may be useful when generating an output consistent with other templates. It is preferred to manually adding ending punctuation, as the punctuation occurs within the <cite> tag, so will appear before any icons added by browser plugins. Ignored if |quote= is specified.

Duplicate periods

By default, {{cite web}} separates some fields with periods, so do not encode those fields ending with a period or a duplicate period will be added. Example: "publisher=Camelot, Inc" will correctly show as Camelot, Inc. but "publisher=Camelot, Inc." will incorrectly show as Camelot, Inc..

Examples

Some standard use cases
  • {{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=My Favorite Things, Part II |author=Doe, John |publisher=Open Publishing |date=30 April 2005 |work=Encyclopedia of Things |accessdate=6 July 2005 }}
    → Doe, John (30 April 2005). "My Favorite Things, Part II". Encyclopedia of Things. Open Publishing. http://www.example.org/. Retrieved 6 July 2005. 
  • {{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=My Favorite Things, Part II |author=Doe, John |date=30 April 2005 |work=Encyclopedia of Things |accessdate=6 July 2005 }}
    → Doe, John (30 April 2005). "My Favorite Things, Part II". Encyclopedia of Things. http://www.example.org/. Retrieved 6 July 2005. 
Using format
Foreign language and translated title
coauthors
  • {{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=Our Favorite Things |first=John |last=Doe |coauthors=Smith, Peter; Smythe, Jim |publisher=Open Publishing |date=30 April 2005 |work=Encyclopedia of Things |accessdate=16 May 2006 }}
    → Doe, John; Smith, Peter; Smythe, Jim (30 April 2005). "Our Favorite Things". Encyclopedia of Things. Open Publishing. http://www.example.org/. Retrieved 16 May 2006. 
  • {{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=Our Favorite Things |first=John |last=Doe |coauthors=Peter Smith; Jim Smythe |publisher=Open Publishing |date=30 April 2005 |work=Encyclopedia of Things |accessdate=16 May 2006 }}
    → Doe, John; Peter Smith; Jim Smythe (30 April 2005). "Our Favorite Things". Encyclopedia of Things. Open Publishing. http://www.example.org/. Retrieved 16 May 2006. 
No author
  • {{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=Index of Sharp Things |publisher=Open Publishing |date=30 April 2005 |work=Encyclopedia of Things |accessdate=16 May 2006 }}
    → "Index of Sharp Things". Encyclopedia of Things. Open Publishing. 30 April 2005. http://www.example.org/. Retrieved 16 May 2006. 
No author, no publisher

This abbreviated format should only be used when the editor cannot determine the publisher and author.

  • {{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=Index of Sharp Things |date=30 April 2005 |work=Encyclopedia of Things |accessdate=6 July 2005}}
    → "Index of Sharp Things". Encyclopedia of Things. 30 April 2005. http://www.example.org/. Retrieved 6 July 2005. 
Using "archiveurl" and "archivedate" for webpages that have been archived
Using "quote"
  • {{cite web |url=http://www.webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/c.html |title=Daylight saving time: rationale and original idea |work=WebExhibits |year=2008 |accessdate=27 September 2009 |quote=...&nbsp;Lord Balfour came forward with a unique concern: 'Supposing some unfortunate lady was confined with twins&nbsp;...' }}
    → "Daylight saving time: rationale and original idea". WebExhibits. http://www.webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/c.html. Retrieved 27 September 2009. "... Lord Balfour came forward with a unique concern: 'Supposing some unfortunate lady was confined with twins ...'" 

See also

This template formats a citation to a website using the provided information such as URL and title. Used only for sources that are not correctly described by the specific citation templates for books, journals, news sources, etc.

Template parameters

This template has custom formatting.

ParameterDescriptionTypeStatus
Last namelast author last last1

The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors

Linesuggested
First namefirst first1

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors

Linesuggested
Author linkauthor-link author-link1 author1-link

Title of existing LIMSwiki article about the author; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors

Page nameoptional
Last name 2last2 author2

The surname of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link2'.

Lineoptional
First name 2first2

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second author; don't wikilink.

Lineoptional
Author link 2author-link2 author2-link

Title of existing LIMSwiki article about the second author.

Page nameoptional
Last name 3last3 author3

The surname of the third author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link3'.

Lineoptional
First name 3first3

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third author; don't wikilink.

Lineoptional
Author link 3author-link3 author3-link

Title of existing LIMSwiki article about the third author.

Page nameoptional
Last name 4last4 author4

The surname of the forth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link4'.

Lineoptional
First name 4first4

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the forth author; don't wikilink.

Lineoptional
Author link 4author-link4 author4-link

Title of existing LIMSwiki article about the forth author.

Page nameoptional
Last name 5last5 author5

The surname of the fifth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link5'.

Lineoptional
First name 5first5

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth author; don't wikilink.

Lineoptional
Author link 5author-link5 author5-link

Title of existing LIMSwiki article about the fifth author.

Page nameoptional
Last name 6last6 author6

The surname of the sixth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link6'.

Lineoptional
First name 6first6

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth author; don't wikilink.

Lineoptional
Author link 6author-link6 author6-link

Title of existing LIMSwiki article about the sixth author.

Page nameoptional
Last name 7last7 author7

The surname of the seventh author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link7'.

Lineoptional
First name 7first7

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh author; don't wikilink.

Lineoptional
Author link 7author-link7 author7-link

Title of existing LIMSwiki article about the seventh author.

Page nameoptional
Last name 8last8 author8

The surname of the eighth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link8'.

Lineoptional
First name 8first8

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth author; don't wikilink.

Lineoptional
Author link 8author-link8 author8-link

Title of existing LIMSwiki article about the eighth author.

Page nameoptional
Last name 9last9 author9

The surname of the ninth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link9'. If nine authors are defined, then only eight will show and 'et al.' will show in place of the last author.

Lineoptional
First name 9first9

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth author; don't wikilink.

Lineoptional
Author link 9author-link9 author9-link

Title of existing LIMSwiki article about the ninth author.

Page nameoptional
Last name 10last10 author10

The surname of the tenth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link9'. If ten authors are defined, then only eight will show and 'et al.' will show in place of the last two authors.

Lineoptional
First name 10first10

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the tenth author; don't wikilink.

Lineoptional
Last name 11last11 author11

The surname of the 11th author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link9'. If more than nine authors are defined, then only eight will show and 'et al.' will show in place of the remaining authors.

Lineoptional
First name 11first11

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the 11th author; don't wikilink.

Lineoptional
Source datedate

Date of the source; do not wikilink. As listed in the publication

Datesuggested
Year of publicationyear

Year of the source being referenced; recommended only when date parameter format is YYYY-MM-DD and a CITEREF disambiguator is needed

Numberoptional
Editor last nameeditor-last editor editor1-last editors

The surname of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-last', 'editor'

Lineoptional
Editor first nameeditor-first editor1-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-first'

Lineoptional
Editor linkeditor-link editorlink editor1-link

Title of existing LIMSwiki article about the editor; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-link'

Page nameoptional
Editor last name 2editor2-last editor2

The surname of the second editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor2-link'.

Lineoptional
Editor first name 2editor2-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second editor; don't wikilink.

Lineoptional
Editor link 2editor2-link editor-link2

Title of existing LIMSwiki article about the second editor.

Page nameoptional
Editor last name 3editor3-last editor3

The surname of the third editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor3-link'.

Lineoptional
Editor first name 3editor3-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third editor; don't wikilink.

Lineoptional
Editor link 3editor3-link editor-link3

Title of existing LIMSwiki article about the third editor.

Page nameoptional
Editor last name 4editor4-last editor4

The surname of the fourth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor4-link'.

Lineoptional
Editor first name 4editor4-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth editor; don't wikilink.

Lineoptional
Editor link 4editor4-link editor-link4

Title of existing LIMSwiki article about the fourth editor.

Page nameoptional
Editor last name 5editor5-last editor5

The surname of the fifth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor5-link'.

Lineoptional
Editor first name 5editor5-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth editor; don't wikilink.

Lineoptional
Editor link 5editor5-link editor-link5

Title of existing LIMSwiki article about the fifth editor.

Page nameoptional
Titletitle

The title of the article; can be wikilinked to an existing LIMSwiki article or url may be used to add an external link, but not both. Displays in quotes.

Contentrequired
Workwork

If this item is part of a larger 'work', such as a book, periodical or website, write the name of that work; will display in italics. Having both 'publisher' and 'website' is redundant in many cases.

Example
[[Rotten Tomatoes]]
Stringsuggested
Translated titletrans-title

An English language title, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended

Contentoptional
URLurl URL

The URL of the online location where the text of the publication can be found. Requires schemes of the type "http://..." or maybe even the &nbsp;protocol relative scheme "//..."

Example
https://www.nytimes.com/...
Linerequired
Formatformat

Format of the work referred to by 'url' ('url' is required when using 'format'); examples: PDF, DOC, XLS; do not specify HTML

Stringoptional
Languagelanguage

The language in which the source is written, if not English; use the full language name; do not use icons or templates

Stringoptional
Publisherpublisher

Name of the publisher; displays after title

Example
[[University of Chicago Press]]
Contentsuggested
Place of publicationpublication-place place location

Publication place shows after title; if 'place' or 'location' are also given, they are displayed before the title prefixed with 'written at'

Contentoptional
Publication datepublication-date

Date of publication when different from the date the work was written; do not wikilink

Dateoptional
Pagepage

Page in the source that supports the content; displays after 'p.'

Lineoptional
Pagespages

Pages in the source that support the content (not an indication of the number of pages in the source; displays after 'pp.'

Lineoptional
Atat

May be used instead of 'page' or 'pages' where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient

Lineoptional
arXiv identifierarxiv

An identifier for arXive electronic preprints of scientific papers

Lineoptional
ASINasin

Amazon Standard Identification Number; 10 characters

Lineoptional
ASIN TLDasin-tld

ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US

Lineoptional
Bibcodebibcode

Bibliographic Reference Code (REFCODE); 19 characters

Lineoptional
biorXivbiorxiv

biorXiv identifier; full doi

Lineoptional
CiteSeerXciteseerx

CiteSeerX identifier; found after the 'doi=' query parameter

Lineoptional
DOIdoi

Digital Object Identifier; begins with '10.'

Stringoptional
DOI broken datedoi-broken-date doi-inactive-date

The date that the DOI was determined to be broken

Dateoptional
ISBNisbn

International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible

Lineoptional
ISSNissn

International Standard Serial Number (print); 8 characters; usually split into two groups of four using a hyphen

Lineoptional
jfm codejfm

Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik classification code

Lineoptional
JSTORjstor

JSTOR identifier

Lineoptional
LCCNlccn

Library of Congress Control Number

Lineoptional
MRmr

Mathematical Reviews identifier

Lineoptional
OCLCoclc

Online Computer Library Center number

Numberoptional
OLol

Open Library identifier

Lineoptional
OSTIosti

Office of Scientific and Technical Information identifier

Lineoptional
PMCpmc

PubMed Center article number

Numberoptional
PMIDpmid

PubMed Unique Identifier

Lineoptional
RFCrfc

Request for Comments number

Numberoptional
SSRNssrn

Social Science Research Network

Lineoptional
Zblzbl

Zentralblatt MATH journal identifier

Lineoptional
idid

A unique identifier used where none of the specialized ones are applicable

Lineoptional
Archive URLarchiveurl

The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the URL becomes unavailable; requires 'archive-date'

Linesuggested
Archive datearchivedate

Date when the original URL was archived; do not wikilink

Datesuggested
URL access dateaccess-date

The full date when the original URL was accessed; do not wikilink

Datesuggested
Quotequote

Relevant text quoted from the source; displays last, enclosed in quotes; must include terminating punctuation

Contentoptional
Postscriptpostscript

The closing punctuation for the citation; ignored if 'quote' is defined; to suppress use reserved keyword 'none'

Default
.
Lineoptional
Refref

An anchor identifier; can be made the target of wikilinks to full references; special value 'harv' generates an anchor suitable for the harv and sfn templates

Lineoptional
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