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| ==Sandbox begins below== | | ==Sandbox begins below== |
| <div class="nonumtoc">__TOC__</div> | | <div class="nonumtoc">__TOC__</div> |
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| <div class="nonumtoc">__TOC__</div>
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| | text = This is sublevel5 of my sandbox, where I play with features and test MediaWiki code. If you wish to leave a comment for me, please see [[User_talk:Shawndouglas|my discussion page]] instead.<p></p>
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| ==Sandbox begins below==
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| [[File:Mechanical Testing Lab (5426178692).jpg|right|200px]]
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| '''Title''': ''What types of testing occur within a materials testing laboratory?''
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| '''Author for citation''': Shawn E. Douglas
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| '''License for content''': [* https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International]
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| '''Publication date''': November 2023
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| ===Materials testing: The basics===
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| Materials science and its associated tests are largely considered a part of the applied science branch of sciences, as the study and testing of the properties of materials are put to use in the manufacture and construction of a wide variety of items. Testing methodologies can be divided into physical, mechanical, chemical, and biological property testing, with each test falling under the category of destructive or non-destructive. Testing of a material may involve one or more of these methodologies, and occasionally all of them may be used as part of a comprehensive analytical approach towards a material.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Shen |first=Ya |last2=Peng |first2=Bin |last3=Yang |first3=Yan |last4=Ma |first4=Jingzhi |last5=Haapasalo |first5=Markus |date=2015-05 |title=What do different tests tell about the mechanical and biological properties of bioceramic materials? |url=* https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/etp.12076 |journal=Endodontic Topics |language=en |volume=32 |issue=1 |pages=47–85 |doi=10.1111/etp.12076 |issn=1601-1538}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kang |first=Tae-Yun |last2=Choi |first2=Ji-Won |last3=Seo |first3=Kyoung-Jin |last4=Kim |first4=Kwang-Mahn |last5=Kwon |first5=Jae-Sung |date=2021-03-30 |title=Physical, Chemical, Mechanical, and Biological Properties of Four Different Commercial Root-End Filling Materials: A Comparative Study |url=* https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/7/1693 |journal=Materials |language=en |volume=14 |issue=7 |pages=1693 |doi=10.3390/ma14071693 |issn=1996-1944 |pmc=PMC8036496 |pmid=33808262}}</ref>
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| Material testing may happen under the umbrella of materials discovery and research, or materials quality/suitability testing. In the case of the former, computational methods may initially be used to search through existing materials databases, as well as virtually develop new material models for potential real-life development, before any actual real-world materials testing begins. In the case of the latter, the material is already discovered or created, and materials testing occurs to verify that its properties are suitable or of sufficient quality for their intended purpose. Technological systems such as [[laboratory information management system]]s (LIMS) may be used in both cases to better manage the associated data and information coming from their materials science activities.
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| Materials testing is as diverse as the available material types and industrial applications of those material types. Material testing domains include:
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| * Aerospace
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| * Automotive
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| * Carbon
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| * Coatings, linings, and sealants
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| * Construction and engineering
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| * Insulation, foam, and composites
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| * Lubricants and thickeners
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| * Medical devices
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| * Metals
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| * Packaging and labeling
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| * Paints and oils
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| * Paper
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| * Polymers and plastics
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| * Raw materials
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| * Reference materials
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| * Rubbers
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| * Electronics and energy devices
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| * Textiles
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| * Wood
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| Optimally, materials testing is performed by a [[laboratory]] that is accredited to a relevant set of standards and test methods, making materials testing more standardized and reliable, in turn adding confidence to any items made or constructed from those tested materials.
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| ===Materials testing types===
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| As noted prior, the diversity in materials testing methods is immense. As such, it's difficult to address all of them in an FAQ. That said, this article will provide examples of destructive and non-destructive test methods across the four property testing categories: physical, mechanical, chemical, and biological. Real-world examples from materials testing laboratories accredited to [[ISO/IEC 17025]] are used to exemplify the broad set of test methods in use.
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| ====Physical====
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| A physical property of a material represents the actual physical, inconstant state of the material, with its own set of measurable and observable properties, separate from the material's chemical composition, mechanical, and biological properties.<ref name="MirandaWhatIs19">{{cite web |url=https://www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=17626 |title=What is the Difference Between a Physical Property and a Mechanical Property? |author=Miranda, G.M. |work=AZO Materials |date=14 February 2019 |accessdate=01 November 2023}}</ref>
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| * https://customer.a2la.org/index.cfm?event=directory.detail&labPID=9AFC21E7-66A9-44C2-926C-A57555D4CB99
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| * https://customer.a2la.org/index.cfm?event=directory.detail&labPID=90975A9E-26BB-4DCC-921A-9786F504539D
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| * https://customer.a2la.org/index.cfm?event=directory.detail&labPID=E380DF60-DB17-42BA-A46F-63C2878FCFEE
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| * https://customer.a2la.org/index.cfm?event=directory.detail&labPID=76692A99-1A84-4915-AF6C-16521E541AD0
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| * https://customer.a2la.org/index.cfm?event=directory.detail&labPID=8D04803D-427F-4698-8541-3E1FBF27EF05
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| * https://customer.a2la.org/index.cfm?event=directory.detail&labPID=C07768C0-6BB2-4FAB-9D6D-C5D4F9D93403 and https://www.vartest.com/tech
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| * https://www.iasonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/TL-388-CERT-NEW.pdf
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| * https://www.iasonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/TL-566-Cert-New.pdf
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| * https://www.iasonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/TL-350-cert-New.pdf
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| * https://search.anab.org/public/organization_files/Charter-Coating-Service-2000-Ltd-Cert-and-Scope-File-11-07-2022_1667841835.pdf (Non-destructive)
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| * https://search.anab.org/public/organization_files/Product-Assurance-Services-Inc-Cert-and-Scope-File-11-02-2021_1635864735.pdf (Non-destructive)
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| * https://search.anab.org/public/organization_files/Product-Evaluation-Systems-Inc-Cert-and-Scope-File-11-02-2022_1667403150.pdf (Non-destructive)
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| * https://customer.a2la.org/index.cfm?event=directory.detail&labPID=90975A9E-26BB-4DCC-921A-9786F504539D (Non-destructive)
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| * https://customer.a2la.org/index.cfm?event=directory.detail&labPID=A3C7BB80-EFEF-47EF-A7C6-CB4389D35AF4 (Non-destructive)
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| '''Optical and Thermal'''
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| * https://search.anab.org/public/organization_files/Integrated-Technologies-Inc-Cert-and-Scope-File-08-02-2023_1690996216.pdf
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| * https://search.anab.org/public/organization_files/ABC-Technologies-Inc-dba-Salflex-Polymers-Cert-and-Scope-File-10-16-2023_1697484740.pdf
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| * https://customer.a2la.org/index.cfm?event=directory.detail&labPID=76692A99-1A84-4915-AF6C-16521E541AD0
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| * https://customer.a2la.org/index.cfm?event=directory.detail&labPID=8D04803D-427F-4698-8541-3E1FBF27EF05
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| * https://customer.a2la.org/index.cfm?event=directory.detail&labPID=C07768C0-6BB2-4FAB-9D6D-C5D4F9D93403 and * https://www.vartest.com/tech
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| * https://www.iasonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/TL-388-CERT-NEW.pdf
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| * https://www.iasonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/TL-566-Cert-New.pdf
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| * https://search.anab.org/public/organization_files/Charter-Coating-Service-2000-Ltd-Cert-and-Scope-File-11-07-2022_1667841835.pdf
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| * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared_non-destructive_testing_of_materials
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| * https://www.aimplas.net/test-types/thermal-properties/
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| * https://www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=18848
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| * https://byjus.com/physics/thermal-properties-of-materials/
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| '''Fire and flammability''' (Destructive)
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| * https://customer.a2la.org/index.cfm?event=directory.detail&labPID=C07768C0-6BB2-4FAB-9D6D-C5D4F9D93403 and https://www.vartest.com/tech
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| * https://www.rst-labs.com/en/fire-laboratory/
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| * https://www.vteclabs.com/testing/fire-flammability-testing/
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| '''Acoustical'''
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| * https://search.anab.org/public/organization_files/Blachford-Incorporated-dba-Blachford-Acoustics-Laboratory-Cert-and-Scope-File-06-21-2023_1687370807.pdf
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| * https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/12/19/3237
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| ====Mechanical====
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| A mechanical property of a material represents the functional, inconstant state of the material, particularly in how it reacts when a load is applied to it. Measuring mechanical properties gives a better idea of the materials realistic service life or performance under mechanical stresses.<ref name="MirandaWhatIs19" />
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| * https://customer.a2la.org/index.cfm?event=directory.detail&labPID=9AFC21E7-66A9-44C2-926C-A57555D4CB99
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| * https://customer.a2la.org/index.cfm?event=directory.detail&labPID=90975A9E-26BB-4DCC-921A-9786F504539D
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| * https://customer.a2la.org/index.cfm?event=directory.detail&labPID=E380DF60-DB17-42BA-A46F-63C2878FCFEE
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| * https://customer.a2la.org/index.cfm?event=directory.detail&labPID=76692A99-1A84-4915-AF6C-16521E541AD0
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| * https://customer.a2la.org/index.cfm?event=directory.detail&labPID=8D04803D-427F-4698-8541-3E1FBF27EF05
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| * https://customer.a2la.org/index.cfm?event=directory.detail&labPID=C07768C0-6BB2-4FAB-9D6D-C5D4F9D93403 and https://www.vartest.com/tech
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| * https://www.iasonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/TL-388-CERT-NEW.pdf
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| * https://www.iasonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/TL-566-Cert-New.pdf
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| * https://www.iasonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/TL-350-cert-New.pdf
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| * https://www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=17626
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| ====Chemical====
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| Spectroscopy
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| Wet chemistry
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| * https://customer.a2la.org/index.cfm?event=directory.detail&labPID=A3C7BB80-EFEF-47EF-A7C6-CB4389D35AF4
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| * https://aspenresearch.com/aspen-research-home/analytical-lab/ and * https://customer.a2la.org/index.cfm?event=directory.detail&labPID=A3C7BB80-EFEF-47EF-A7C6-CB4389D35AF4
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| * https://customer.a2la.org/index.cfm?event=directory.detail&labPID=3A2B89BA-4A8B-4D9F-872C-217AE166DB8B
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| * https://customer.a2la.org/index.cfm?event=directory.detail&labPID=90975A9E-26BB-4DCC-921A-9786F504539D
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| * https://customer.a2la.org/index.cfm?event=directory.detail&labPID=9A2B77F6-41BA-4BE9-8A31-D9E070280D53
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| * https://customer.a2la.org/index.cfm?event=directory.detail&labPID=C07768C0-6BB2-4FAB-9D6D-C5D4F9D93403 and https://www.vartest.com/tech
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| * https://search.anab.org/public/organization_files/North-American-Stainless-Melt-Shop-Laboratory-Cert-and-Scope-File-06-08-2023_1686248550.pdf
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| ====Biological====
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| Biological (raw materials)
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| * https://dyadlabs.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Dyad-Labs-L23-93.pdf
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| * https://www.arlok.com/2992-01_0.pdf
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| * https://customer.a2la.org/index.cfm?event=directory.detail&labPID=38E3BFEF-645D-4A67-A921-873EEBAEEFED
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| ==Conclusion==
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| ==References==
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| {{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}
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