Journal:Enzyme immunoassay for measuring aflatoxin B1 in legal cannabis
| Full article title | Enzyme immunoassay for measuring aflatoxin B1 in legal cannabis |
|---|---|
| Journal | Toxins |
| Author(s) | Di Nardo, Fabio; Cavalera, Simone; Baggiani, Claudio; Ciarello, Matteo; Pazzi, Marco; Anfossi, Laura |
| Author affiliation(s) | University of Turin |
| Primary contact | Email: laura dot anfossi at unito dot it |
| Year published | 2020 |
| Volume and issue | 12(4) |
| Article # | 265 |
| DOI | 10.3390/toxins12040265 |
| ISSN | 2072-6651 |
| Distribution license | Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International |
| Website | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/12/4/265/htm |
| Download | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/12/4/265/pdf (PDF) |
Abstract
The diffusion of the legalization of cannabis for recreational, medicinal, and nutraceutical uses requires the development of adequate analytical methods to assure the safety and security of such products. In particular, aflatoxins are considered to pose a major risk for the health of cannabis consumers. Among analytical methods that allow for adequate monitoring of food safety, immunoassays play a major role thanks to their cost-effectiveness, high-throughput capacity, simplicity, and limited requirement for equipment and skilled operators. Therefore, a rapid and sensitive enzyme immunoassay has been adapted to measure the most hazardous aflatoxin B1 in cannabis products. The assay was acceptably accurate (recovery rate: 78–136%), reproducible (intra- and inter-assay means coefficients of variation 11.8% and 13.8%, respectively), and sensitive (limit of detection and range of quantification: 0.35 ng mL−1 and 0.4–2 ng mL−1, respectively corresponding to 7 ng g−1 and 8–40 ng g−1 in the plant), while providing results which agreed with a high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method for the direct analysis of aflatoxin B1 in cannabis inflorescence and leaves. In addition, the carcinogenic aflatoxin B1 was detected in 50% of the cannabis products analyzed (14 samples collected from small retails) at levels exceeding those admitted by the European Union in commodities intended for direct human consumption, thus envisaging the need for effective surveillance of aflatoxin contamination in legal cannabis.
Keywords: mycotoxins, food safety, medicinal herbs, competitive immunoassay
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This presentation is faithful to the original, with only a few minor changes to presentation. Some grammar and punctuation was cleaned up to improve readability. In some cases important information was missing from the references, and that information was added.
