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<div style="float: left; margin: 0.5em 0.9em 0.4em 0em;">[[File:NIH Master Logo Vertical 2Color.png|160px]]</div>
<div style="float: left; margin: 0.5em 0.9em 0.4em 0em;">[[File:Fig1 Signoroni NatComm23 14.png|240px]]</div>
The '''[[National Institutes of Health]]''' ('''NIH''') is a biomedical research facility primarily located in Bethesda, Maryland, USA, operating as an agency of the [[United States Department of Health and Human Services]]. The NIH is the U.S. agency most responsible for biomedical and health-related research, primarily through its Intramural Research Program (IRP), which claims to be "the largest institution for biomedical science on earth." In addition to conducting its own research, the agency provides major biomedical research funding to non-NIH research facilities through its Extramural Research Program (ERP). For example, in 2003 the NIH and its extramural arm provided 28% of biomedical research funding spent annually in the U.S., or about $26.4 billion.
'''"[[Journal:Hierarchical AI enables global interpretation of culture plates in the era of digital microbiology|Hierarchical AI enables global interpretation of culture plates in the era of digital microbiology]]"'''


The NIH comprises 27 separate institutes and centers that conduct research in different disciplines of biomedical science. The IRP is responsible for many scientific accomplishments, including the discovery of fluoride to prevent tooth decay, the use of lithium to manage bipolar disorder, and the creation of vaccines against hepatitis, ''Haemophilus influenzae'' (HIB), and human papillomavirus. The funding of NIH has at times been a source of contention in Congress, serving as a proxy for the political currents of the time. In fiscal year 2010, NIH spent $10.7 billion (not including temporary funding from the ARRA) on clinical research, $7.4 billion on genetics-related research, $6.0 billion on prevention research, $5.8 billion on cancer, and $5.7 billion on [[biotechnology]]. ('''[[National Institutes of Health]]''')<br />
Full [[laboratory automation]] is revolutionizing work habits in an increasing number of clinical [[microbiology]] facilities worldwide, generating huge streams of [[Imaging|digital images]] for interpretation. Contextually, [[deep learning]] (DL) architectures are leading to paradigm shifts in the way computers can assist with difficult visual interpretation tasks in several domains. At the crossroads of these epochal trends, we present a system able to tackle a core task in clinical microbiology, namely the global interpretation of diagnostic [[Bacteria|bacterial]] [[Cell culture|culture]] plates, including presumptive [[pathogen]] identification. This is achieved by decomposing the problem into a hierarchy of complex subtasks and addressing them with a multi-network architecture we call DeepColony ... ('''[[Journal:Hierarchical AI enables global interpretation of culture plates in the era of digital microbiology|Full article...]]''')<br />
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''Recently featured'':
''Recently featured'': [[Laboratory information system]], [[Denuder]], [[Infectious disease informatics]]
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Latest revision as of 15:02, 3 June 2024

Fig1 Signoroni NatComm23 14.png

"Hierarchical AI enables global interpretation of culture plates in the era of digital microbiology"

Full laboratory automation is revolutionizing work habits in an increasing number of clinical microbiology facilities worldwide, generating huge streams of digital images for interpretation. Contextually, deep learning (DL) architectures are leading to paradigm shifts in the way computers can assist with difficult visual interpretation tasks in several domains. At the crossroads of these epochal trends, we present a system able to tackle a core task in clinical microbiology, namely the global interpretation of diagnostic bacterial culture plates, including presumptive pathogen identification. This is achieved by decomposing the problem into a hierarchy of complex subtasks and addressing them with a multi-network architecture we call DeepColony ... (Full article...)
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