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| ==Sandbox begins below== | | ==Sandbox begins below== |
| <div class="nonumtoc">__TOC__</div>
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| ==1. What is a cybersecurity plan and why do you need it?==
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| ===1.1 Cybersecurity planning and its value===
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| [[File:Cyber table with source.png|right|500px]]From law firms<ref name="SobowaleLaw17">{{cite web |url=https://www.abajournal.com/magazine/article/managing_cybersecurity_risk/ |title=Law firms must manage cybersecurity risks |author=Sobowale, J. |work=ABA Journal |publisher=American Bar Association |date=01 March 2017 |accessdate=01 March 2023}}</ref> to automotive manufacturers<ref name="WatneyAddress17">{{cite web |url=https://www.rstreet.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/118-1.pdf |format=PDF |title=Addressing new challenges in automotive cybersecurity |author=Watney, C.; Draffin, C. |work=R Street Policy Study No. 118 |publisher=R Street Institute |date=November 2017 |accessdate=01 March 2023}}</ref>, the need to address [[cybersecurity]] is increasingly apparent. Various sources report anywhere between six to eight trillion dollars as the global cost of cybercrime in 2022<ref name="MorganTop1023">{{cite web |url=https://cybersecurityventures.com/top-5-cybersecurity-facts-figures-predictions-and-statistics-for-2021-to-2025/ |title=Top 10 Cybersecurity Predictions And Statistics For 2023 |author=Morgan, S. |work=Cybercrime Magazine |date=10 December 2022 |accessdate=01 March 2023}}</ref><ref name="AmugeCyber23">{{cite web |url=https://www.businessamlive.com/cyber-security-revenue-to-hit-262bn-in-2027-as-cybercrime-rises/ |title=Cyber security revenue to hit $262bn in 2027 as cybercrime rises |author=Amuge, O. |work=Business a.m. |date=09 January 2023 |accessdate=01 March 2023}}</ref><ref name="FleckCyber22">{{cite web |url=https://www.statista.com/chart/28878/expected-cost-of-cybercrime-until-2027/ |title=Cybercrime Expected To Skyrocket in Coming Years |author=Fleck, A. |publisher=Statista |date=02 December 2022 |accessdate=01 March 2023}}</ref>, though due to underreporting of crimes, that number may be much higher. That number also likely doesn't take into account lost business, fines, litigation, and intangible losses<ref name="SBDCC_BlogCost17">{{cite web |url=https://www.virginiasbdc.org/blog-cost-of-cyber-crime-to-small-businesses/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201227041535/https://www.virginiasbdc.org/blog-cost-of-cyber-crime-to-small-businesses/ |title=BLOG: Cost of Cyber Crime to Small Businesses |work=Virginia SBDC Blog |publisher=Virginia SBDC |date=30 May 2017 |archivedate=27 December 2020 |accessdate=01 March 2023}}</ref> By 2025, the global damage estimate is expected to be $10.5 trillion annually.<ref name="MorganTop1023" /> In the end, businesses of all sizes average about $4.35 million globally in losses due to a cybersecurity incident ($9.44M just in the United States)<ref name="IBMCost22">{{cite web |url=https://www.ibm.com/reports/data-breach |title=Cost of a data breach 2022: A million-dollar race to detect and respond |publisher=IBM |date=2022 |accessdate=01 March 2023}}</ref>, and nearly 60 percent of small and midsize businesses go bankrupt within six months because of it.<ref name="Galvin60_18">{{cite web |url=https://www.inc.com/joe-galvin/60-percent-of-small-businesses-fold-within-6-months-of-a-cyber-attack-heres-how-to-protect-yourself.html |title=60 Percent of Small Businesses Fold Within 6 Months of a Cyber Attack. Here's How to Protect Yourself |author=Galvin, J. |work=Inc.com |date=07 May 2018 |accessdate=01 March 2023}}</ref>
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| And while large enterprises often grab the headlines after a cybersecurity breach, small businesses of all types are also subject to cyber crimes, and they too aren't doing enough to protect themselves. Juniper Research reports that despite small businesses making up over 99 percent of all companies, approximately 13 percent of overall cybersecurity spending came from those small businesses in 2018, amounting to about $500 per business.<ref name="JuniperCyber18">{{cite web |url=https://www.juniperresearch.com/press/press-releases/cybersecurity-breaches-to-result-in-over-146-bn |title=Cybersecurity Breaches to Result in over 146 Billion Records Being Stolen by 2023 |publisher=Juniper Research |date=08 August 2018 |accessdate=23 July 2020}}</ref> By 2023, that number was $1,500 or less for nearly half of all small businesses.<ref name="Rahmonbek35Alarm23">{{cite web |url=https://www.strongdm.com/blog/small-business-cyber-security-statistics |title=35 Alarming Small Business Cybersecurity Statistics for 2023 |author=Rahmonbek, K. |work=StrongDM Blog |date=22 February 2023 |accessdate=01 March 2023}}</ref> Finally, in 2022, small businesses were targeted by cyber attackers 43% of the time, yet only 14% said they were prepared to defend themselves.<ref name="Mclean2023Must23">{{cite web |url=https://www.embroker.com/blog/cyber-attack-statistics/ |title=2023 Must-Know Cyber Attack Statistics and Trends |author=Mclean, M. |work=Embroker Blog |date=02 January 2023 |accessdate=01 March 2023}}</ref>
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| Even the tiniest of businesses face cybersecurity risks today. The independent contractor with a WordPress-based website that advertises their knowledge and skills must still ensure all website plugins and themes are updated and install security plugins to close potential vulnerabilities in the software. Without these precautions, hackers could spread malware, steal user data, add the website to a bot network, hack the site for the learning experience, or even hack it just for fun.<ref name="GrimaTop19">{{cite web |url=https://www.wpwhitesecurity.com/why-malicious-hacker-target-wordpress/ |title=Top reasons why WordPress websites get hacked (and how you can stop it) |author=Grima, M. |publisher=WP White Security |date=18 January 2023 |accessdate=01 March 2023}}</ref><ref name="MoenWhatHack16">{{cite web |url=https://www.wordfence.com/blog/2016/04/hackers-compromised-wordpress-sites/ |title=What Hackers Do With Compromised WordPress Sites |author=Moen, D. |work=Wordfence Blog |publisher=Defiant, Inc |date=19 April 2016 |accessdate=01 March 2023}}</ref><ref name="TalalevWebsite19">{{cite web |url=https://patchstack.com/articles/website-hacking-statistics/ |title=Website Hacking Statistics You Should Know in 2022 |author=Talaleve, A. |work=Patchstack |publisher=WebARX |date=22 February 2021 |accessdate=01 March 2023}}</ref>
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| As for larger companies, a late 2018 audit of Fortune 500 companies found a mix of good and bad news: they're doing better at reducing the number of entry points for hackers to enter their systems, yet their systems remain susceptible to fraudulent emails containing malware.<ref name="UchillFortune18">{{cite web |url=https://www.axios.com/2018/12/11/fortune-500-cybersecurity-email-security |title=Fortune 500 cybersecurity is better and worse than you'd think |author=Uchill, J. |publisher=Axios |date=11 December 2018 |accessdate=01 March 2023}}</ref> Things weren't much better for the Fortune 500, with the average company having 476 critical vulnerabilities among its public and internet-facing assets in late 2022.<ref name="GoldmanAverage22">{{cite web |url=https://www.esecurityplanet.com/threats/fortune-500-critical-vulnerabilities/ |title=Average Fortune 500 Company Has 476 Critical Vulnerabilities |author=Goldman, J. |work=eSecurity Planet |date=07 December 2022 |accessdate=01 March 2023}}</ref> Additionally, Fortune 500 companies are still lagging behind in being publicly transparent in showing a commitment to cybersecurity and protecting customer data.<ref name="StahieFortune19">{{cite web |url=https://securityboulevard.com/2019/10/fortune-500-companies-take-cyber-security-for-granted/ |title=Fortune 500 Companies Take Cyber Security for Granted |author=Stahie, S. |work=Security Boulevard |date=04 October 2019 |accessdate=01 March 2023}}</ref><ref name="BitglassThecloud19">{{cite web |url=https://pages.bitglass.com/rs/418-ZAL-815/images/Bitglass_TheCloudfathers_Fortune500.pdf |format=PDF |title=The Cloudfathers: An Analysis of Cybersecurity in the Fortune 500 |publisher=Bitglass |date=2019 |accessdate=01 March 2023}}</ref> On a broader scale, roughly 60 to 70 percent of all companies are still ill-prepared for cyber threats, either not having an up-to-date cybersecurity strategy or having no plan at all.<ref name="Galvin60_18" /><ref name="TalalevWebsite19" /> By all appearances, businesses still aren't doing enough to protect themselves and their customer's data despite the fact that cybercrime appears to only be getting worse for everyone.
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| The most solid first steps any organization or individual can take to limit the potential effects of cybercrime is to learn more about the threat and to develop some sort of cybersecurity strategy. For most organizations, this means developing a cybersecurity plan that boasts solid policies and security controls.
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| A cybersecurity plan is a developed, distributed, reviewed, updated, and protected collection of assessments, analyses, requirements, controls, goals, policies, performance indicators, and metrics that shapes how an organization protects against and responds to cybersecurity threats. Developing a cybersecurity plan is not a simple process; it requires expertise, resources, and diligence. Even a simple plan may involve several months of development, more depending on the complexity involved. The time it takes to develop the plan may also be impacted by how much executive support is provided, the size of the development team (bigger is not always better), and how available required resources are.<ref name="NARUCCyber18">{{cite web |url=https://pubs.naruc.org/pub/8C1D5CDD-A2C8-DA11-6DF8-FCC89B5A3204 |format=PDF |title=Cybersecurity Strategy Development Guide |author=Cadmus Group, LLC |publisher=National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners |date=30 October 2018 |accessdate=01 March 2023}}</ref>
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| This guide attempts to assist organizations and individuals with overcoming the involved complexities of cybersecurity plan development and preventing becoming another cybersecurity statistic. It addresses the major regulations, standards, and standards frameworks related to cybersecurity, with a focus in particular on the National Institute of Standards and Technology's (NIST's) Special Publication 800-53, Revision 5: ''Security and Privacy Controls for Information Systems and Organizations''. Also addressed is how to best incorporate a cybersecurity framework and controls into your plan development. At it's heart, this guide includes a comprehensive 10-step plan of attack for developing a cybersecurity plan, followed by closing comments. The end of this guide includes an appendix containing a slightly more simplified wording of NIST's most popular cybersecurity controls, as well as mappings to this wiki's own [[LII:LIMSpec 2022 R2|LIMSpec]], an evolving set of specifications for [[laboratory informatics]] solutions and their development.
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| Note that this guide has been written with the intent to broadly cover multiple industries. However, it does have a slight lean towards [[Laboratory|laboratories]], particularly those implementing information systems. Despite that, there should be sufficient information contained herein to be helpful to most people attempting to navigate the challenges of consistently applying cybersecurity goals and policies to their organization.
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| ==References==
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| {{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}
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