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Operation of a physician office laboratory (POL) requires expertise, just like any other laboratory. But how should they be staffed, and what sort of education requirements should the staff have? This chapter addresses those questions and also provides additional resources for staffing a POL.

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5. Staffing and Education Requirements

General staffing and education

Subpart M of the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) details requirements and responsibilities for laboratory personnel, consultants, supervisors, and directors. The exception to this is a laboratory with a certificate of waiver, where personnel requirements and proficiency testing is not required. However, manufacturers' instructions must still be carefully followed, and only CLIA-waived tests may be performed by the personnel.

For non-waived laboratories, the following resources provide paraphrasing of CLIA Subpart M:

• American Academy of Family Physicians - Personnel Requirements
• American Academy of Family Physicians - Physician Office Laboratory (POL) Director Duties
• Commission on Office Laboratory Accreditation (COLA) - Personnel for Non-waived Testing (PDF)
• Lighthouse Lab Services - Laboratory State License and Personnel & Facility License Info

In some cases, state governments apply additional regulations and responsibilities to clinical laboratories and their personnel. According to consultancy Lighthouse Lab Services, the following states have staffing, education, and licensing requirements beyond that of CLIA:

• California: Department of Public Health - Laboratory Field Services
• Connecticut: Department of Public Health - Regulation & Licensure
• Florida: Board of Clinical Laboratory Personnel - Licensing and Agency for Health Care Administration - Laboratory and In-Home Services Unit
• Georgia: Georgia Department of Community Health - Healthcare Facility Regulation
• Hawaii: Department of Health - State Laboratories Division
• Louisiana: State Board of Medical Examiners - Clinical Laboratory Personnel
• Montana: Department of Labor and Industry - Montana Board of Clinical Laboratory Science Practitioners
• Nevada: Nevada Division of Public and Behavioral Health - Medical Laboratory Services
• New Hampshire: Department of Health and Human Services - Health Facilities Administration
• New Jersey: Department of Health - Public Health and Environmental Laboratories
• New York: Department of Health - Clinical Laboratory Evaluation Program and Education Department - Clinical Laboratory Technology
• North Dakota: North Dakota Board of Clinical Laboratory Practice
• Rhode Island: Department of Health - Healthcare Licensing
• Tennessee: Department of Health - Medical Laboratory Board
• Washington: Department of Health - Laboratory Quality Assurance
• West Virginia: Department of Health and Human Resources - Office of Laboratory Services

List of clinical certification and accreditation opportunities

• American Association of Bioanalysts: The AAB Board of Registry (ABOR) offers five different certifications, including medical technologist (MT) and medical laboratory technician (MLT).
• American Board of Bioanalysts: ABB offers several laboratory director certifications.
• American College of Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics: The ACHI provides certifications for histocompatability technologists and directors.
• American Medical Technologists: The AMT offers several laboratory-related certifications, including medical technologist (MT) and medical laboratory technician (MLT).
• American Society for Clinical Pathology: The ASCP offers four levels of certification, with numerous subcategories in all but the Diplomate Certification. The four main levels are Technician, Technologist, Specialist, and Diplomate.
• National Commission of Certifying Agencies: The NCCT offers several certifications, including medical assistant (NCMA) and phlebotomy technician (NCPT).
• National Healthcareer Association: The NHA offers several certifications, including clinical medical assistant (CCMA) and phlebotomy technician (CPT).
• National Phlebotomy Association: The NPA offers a certification for phlebotomists.

Laboratory accreditation programs

• A2LA: "Accredits clinical laboratories to five comprehensive accreditation program"
• Association for the Advancement of Blood & Biotherapies: AABB has an accreditation program for blood and biobanking facilities.
• COLA: Formerly the Commission on Office Laboratory Accreditation; a non-profit accreditor of medical laboratories
• College of American Pathologists: CAP offers a laboratory accreditation program that "accredits laboratories performing testing on specimens from human beings or animals, using methodologies and clinical application within the expertise of the program."
• The Joint Commission: Provides a variety of accreditation and certification programs for healthcare entities, including laboratories
• National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Sciences: The NAACLS accredits and approved educational programs in the clinical laboratory sciences.

List of educational programs

Higher-education

Higher-education programs School Location Program Description Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences U.S. - NY (Albany) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offerings: B.S. in Clinical Laboratory Sciences Allen College U.S. - IA (Waterloo) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "Students receive the Bachelor of Health Sciences degree with a MLS major and qualify for MLS certification upon completion of program requirements. This option is also possible for those who already have an associate's or baccalaureate degree and have completed all general education courses." Andrews University U.S. - IL (Chicago) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offerings: First- and second-degree Bachelor in MLS; certificate in MLS; Affiliate Guest Student Clinical (Senior) Year; Bachelor of Science in Allied Health Administration Arizona State University U.S. - AZ (Phoenix) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The BAS program in applied science with a concentration in medical laboratory sciences provides the academic knowledge and professional skills that enable students to advance their employment opportunities within the fields of medical technology, cytology, clinical laboratory science and related areas." Arkansas State University U.S. - AR (Jonesboro) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. and an A.A.S. in Clinical Laboratory Science Armstrong State University U.S. - GA (Savannah) Laboratory Science/Technology Program Armstrong offers the Bachelor of Science in Medical Laboratory Science in three tracks: Traditional, MLT to MLS Online, and MLS Online Fast Track (for South Carolina residents only). Auburn University at Montgomery U.S. - AL (Montgomery) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program The university offers a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science. Augusta University U.S. - GA (Augusta) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offerings: B.S. and M.S. in Clinical Laboratory Sciences (CLS), as well as B.S. in CLS with military specialization Augustana College U.S. - SD (Sioux Falls) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program The school offers two plans for earning a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science. Austin Community College District U.S. - TX (Austin) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers an A.A.S. in Medical Laboratory Technology Austin Peay State University U.S. - TN (Clarksville) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program The university offers a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science. Baptist Health College Little Rock U.S. - AR (Little Rock) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program The college offers a B.S. or certificate in Medical Laboratory Science. Baptist Health Sciences University U.S. - TN (Memphis) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program The university offers a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science. Bellarmine University U.S. - KY (Louisville) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers three Bachelor of Health Science degree tracks in MLS: 4-Year Practitioner Track, 4-Year Pre-professional Track, and an Accelerated Second Degree Bemidji State University U.S. - MN (Bemidji) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers two B.S. tracks: 3+1 and 4+1 Boise State University U.S. - ID (Boise) Pre-Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "Pre-professional studies is designed for students who need to have undergraduate studies prior to applying to a professional school." Bradley University U.S. - IL (Peoria) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program The university offers a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science. Brigham Young University U.S. - UT (Provo) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "Students declare a Pre-MLS Major and are accepted into the program in their Junior year. Once in the program, students have two semesters of intensive coursework after which they intern in a clinical facility for six months." British Columbia Institute of Technology Canada - BC (Burnaby) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "Two-and-a-half year, full-time, Diploma program ... Students are ready to write the national certification exam upon graduation." Brookline College U.S. - AZ (Phoenix) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "Our program includes a mix of classroom and clinical instruction and a professional seminar to prepare you for entry-level positions in the field. In just 128 weeks, you can earn your bachelor’s degree and be on your way to a successful career as a Medical Laboratory Scientist." The college also offers an A.A.S. degree in Medical Laboratory Technician. Calhoun Community College U.S. - AL (Huntsville) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers an A.A.S. in Medical Laboratory Technician California State University - Dominguez Hills U.S. - CA (Carson) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program The university offers a B.S. and certificate program in Clinical Science - Medical Technology. California State University - LA U.S. - CA (Los Angeles) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program The university offers a post-baccalaureate certificate program in Clinical Laboratory Scientist. Cambrian College Canada - ON (Sudbury) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Six-semester program; "Graduates are eligible to write the national certification examinations conducted by the Canadian Society for Medical Laboratory Sciences (CSMLS)." Canisius College U.S. - NY (Buffalo) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "...three years of campus-based classroom and lab work, one year of a hands-on internship in an accredited hospital laboratory." Carolinas College of Health Sciences U.S. - NC (Charlotte) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The Medical Laboratory Science program is a 12-month program that prepares graduates to be a successful entry-level medical laboratory scientist. Didactic lectures and student laboratory training take place at the college, with clinical experiences conducted in the laboratories of Atrium Health." Centennial College Canada - ON (Scarborough) Medical Laboratory Technician Program "Credential: Ontatio College Certificate; Program Type: Post-secondary program; Program Length: 1 year/ 3 semesters" Central Arizona College U.S. - AZ (Coolidge) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers an A.A.S. in Medical Laboratory Technician Central New Mexico Community College U.S. - NM (Albuquerque) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offerings: Medical Laboratory Technician, Associate of Applied Science; Phlebotomy Technician, Certificate of Achievement Central of Southern Nevada U.S. - NV (Las Vegas) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.A.S. in Medical Laboratory Science, an A.A.S. in Medical Laboratory Technician, and Certificate in Phlebotomy College of the Canyons U.S. - CA (Santa Clarita) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program The university offers an A.A.S. in Medical Laboratory Technician College of the North Atlantic Canada - NL (St. John's) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The curriculum for this program is designed to encompass three years of training ... Graduates of the program at the Prince Philip Drive Campus will be eligible to sit the certification examination set by the Canadian Society for Medical Laboratory Science (CSMLS)." Dalhousie University Canada - NS (Halifax) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The post-diploma BHSc curriculum in Medical Laboratory Technololgy is equivalent to 2 years of full time university study (a total of 60 credit hours or 20 courses)." DeAnza College U.S. - CA (Cupertino) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program The university offers an A.A.S. and certificate program in Medical Laboratory Technology. East Carolina University U.S. - NC (Greenville) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. in Clinical Laboratory Science (CLS). A dual-degree program in CLS and biology also available. Eastern Kentucky University U.S. - KY (Richmond) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "Our department offers an accredited program leading to a Bachelor of Science degree (BS) in Medical laboratory Science." Eastern Michigan University U.S. - MI (Ypsilanti) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The CLS program at EMU offers four concentrations, each leading to a bachelor's degree. Three of the four concentrations require a six- to 12-month clinical practicum in an affiliated hospital during the senior year." Emory Healthcare U.S. - GA (Atlanta) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The program is designed to prepare students (already holding a bachelor's degree) for the national Medical Laboratory Science certifying examination by the American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP). Students are awarded a certificate in Medical Laboratory Science from the EHC MLS upon successful completion of the program." Ferris State University U.S. - MI (Big Rapids) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science Florida Gulf Coast University U.S. - FL (Fort Myers) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers both a B.S. in Clinical Laboratory Science (CLS) and a certificate in CLS Folsom Lake College U.S. - CA (Folsom) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers an A.A.S. in Medical Laboratory Technology Fortis Institute - Birmingham U.S. - AL (Birmingham) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers an A.A.S. in Medical Laboratory Technology Gadsen State Community College U.S. - AL (Gadsden) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers an A.A.S. in Medical Laboratory Technology George Mason University U.S. - VA (Fairfax) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science, with concentrations in Molecular Biology or Microbiology George Washington University U.S. - DC (Washington) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a wide variety of bachelor's, post-bachelor's, and master's programs in Medical Laboratory Science Grand Valley State University U.S. - MI (Allendale) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "Graduates receive a Bachelor of Science (B.S.) degree in MLS. Students spend five semesters completing their general education and core science courses, followed by three semesters of MLS professional courses ... After admission to the program, students complete professional coursework, which also includes 18 weeks of clinical rotations at an affiliated hospital laboratory. MLS is a secondary admission program." Heritage University U.S. - WA (Toppenish) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. and certificate in Medical Laboratory Science Houston Methodist U.S. - TX (Houston) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "Houston Methodist Hospital Medical Laboratory Science Program is a 12-month professional course of study, which is fully accredited by the National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Sciences (NAACLS). Upon successful completion of this course of study, you will qualify for the examination and certification by the board of certification of the American Society of Clinical Pathology (ASCP)." Howard University U.S. - DC (Washington) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "Our four-year curriculum for the bachelor’s degree is divided into two sections: the Lower Division and Upper Division." Hunter College U.S. - NY (New York) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "Two academic degrees for undergraduates are offered: the BS in Medical Laboratory Sciences: Biomedical Science and the BS in Medical Laboratory Sciences: Clinical Science. Both majors emphasize laboratory training through classroom work." Idaho State University U.S. - ID (Pocatello) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program The university offers a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science Illinois State University U.S. - IL (Normal) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program The university offers a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science Immaculata University U.S. - PA (Immaculata) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program The university offers a B.S. in Allied Health, with a concentration in Medical Laboratory Science Indiana State University U.S. - IN (Terre Haute) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "Biology with Specialization in Medical Laboratory Science Major (3-plus-1 Program) ... Fourth-year students accepted to the clinical courses register as full-time ISU students and, upon successful completion of the 12-month program, receive the 32-34 credit hours that are required for completion of the bachelor of science degree." Jefferson State Community College U.S. - AL (Birmingham) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers an A.A.S. in Medical Laboratory Technology Lake Area Technical College U.S. - SD (Watertown) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program The technical college offers an A.A.S. in Medical Laboratory Technician. Lincoln Memorial University U.S. - TN (Harrogate) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program The university offers a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science Loma Linda University U.S. - CA (Loma Linda) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program The university offers a B.S. in Clinical Laboratory Science, as well as a Phlebotomy certificate Long Island University U.S. - NY (Brookville) Medical Laboratory Science Program - B.S. Medical Laboratory Science Program - M.S. Offerings: B.S. and M.S. Louisiana State University of Alexandria U.S. - LA (Alexandria) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offerings: B.S. (3+1), B.S. (MLT-LMS), and Associate's in Medical Laboratory Science Marquette University U.S. - WI (Milwaukee) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program The university offers a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science Marshall University U.S. - WV (Huntington) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers an A.A.S. in Medical Laboratory Technician and Online B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science Marywood University U.S. - PA (Scranton) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "Students may spend three years at Marywood University fulfilling the university requirements and those of the National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Science (NAACLS). In this program, the students spend the fourth year at an accredited school of MLS, gaining theoretical and practical experience in the field of MLS." Mayo School of Health Sciences U.S. - MN (Rochester) and FL (Jacksonville) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The Medical Laboratory Science program at Mayo Clinic offers a 10.5 month training program, consisting of classroom lectures and hands-on clinical rotations. The entire program earns the student 35 academic credit hours ... Upon successful completion of this program, you receive a certificate of completion from Mayo Clinic School of Health Sciences. Students enrolled in the 3+1 program receive a certificate in medical laboratory science from the Mayo Clinic School of Health Sciences and a baccalaureate degree from their home institution. Students enrolling in the 4+1 post-baccalaureate program receive a certificate in medical laboratory science from the Mayo Clinic School of Health Sciences." McNeese State University U.S. - LA (Lake Charles) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The curriculum consists of 120 semester hours. The first three years (81 hours) are completed on campus while the final year or clinical internship (39 hours) requires students to participate in web-based courses, campus lectures, and medical laboratory instruction." Mercy College of Health Sciences U.S. - IA (Des Moines) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "Our three-semester Medical Laboratory Science (MLS) certificate offers one start date per year in the fall and includes intensive classroom instruction and clinical laboratory experiences." Metropolitan State University of Denver U.S. - CO (Denver) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The Colorado Center for Medical Laboratory Science, a program of Metropolitan State University of Denver, offers post BS-level professional education in Medical Laboratory Science." Miami Dade College U.S. - FL (Miami) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "This two-year Associate in Science degree program prepares students to work as part of the health care delivery team in a hospital, private clinical laboratory, or research laboratory ... The program requires a total of 76 credits, including general education requirement courses. This program offers a day track and evening track." Miami University U.S. - OH (Oxford) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program The university offers a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science Michener Institute Canada - ON (Toronto) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Michener offers an advanced diploma (seven semesters across three years) in Medical Laboratory Science Michigan State University U.S. - MI (East Lansing) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The medical laboratory science (MLS) major does that with 14 credits of courses earned in residence at affiliated laboratories in Michigan and Ohio – total credits = 134." Michigan Technological University U.S. - MI (Houghton) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The Medical Laboratory Science program is all about options - and with two degree concentrations, students can choose the route that best suits them. " Minnesota State Community and Technical College U.S. - MN (Ferguson Falls) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "M State's 60-credit Associate in Science degree in Medical Laboratory Technology prepares students for lab technician positions ... The two-year program includes three semesters of general education, science and MLT courses, followed by 16 weeks of clinical experience in an affiliate hospital laboratory." Minnesota State University - Mankato U.S. - MN (Mankato) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science Minot State University U.S. - ND (Minot) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The medical laboratory science (MLS) program at Minot State University consists of courses designed to give you the necessary scientific background to enter clinical training at an accredited hospital laboratory. Three years of academic coursework will be completed at Minot State. Then, through an affiliation with the University of North Dakota (UND), you will spend 12 months in a clinical internship at one of the many participating accredited hospitals as a member of the Western College Alliance for MLS. Successful completion of the program results in a BS degree, and upon passing board exams, the title medical laboratory technologist." Monmouth University (and Rutgers) U.S. - NJ (West Long Branch/Newark) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "Students majoring in Medical Laboratory Science complete 96 credits of collegiate work at Monmouth University, prescribed by the National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Sciences (NAACLS), followed by a twelve-month internship in an affiliated NAACLS-approved hospital." Montana State University U.S. - MT (Bozeman) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "Students train during the summer at MSU and then move to one of eight hospitals for two semesters of clinical laboratory rotations. The program requires tuition and lab fees and students receive 37 credits over three semesters." 3+1 and 4+1 plans available. Mount Mercy University U.S. - IA (Cedar Rapids) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "Through our unique and challenging 3+1 program, you’ll graduate with a full year of professional lab experience through an affiliated hospital, allowing you to complete your studies in four years rather than the typical five." National Park College U.S. - AR (Hot Springs) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers an A.A.S. in Medical Laboratory Technology North Arkansas College U.S. - AR (Harrison) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers an A.A.S. in Medical Laboratory Technology North Dakota State University U.S. - ND (Fargo) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "Your path to a bachelor's of science degree with a major in Medical Laboratory Science (MLS) includes three years of academic coursework, and an 11- to 12-month professional class and clinical experience/ internship within one of NDSU's affiliated hospital programs. All affiliated programs are accredited by the National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Science (NAACLS). " Northeastern State University U.S. - OK (Various) Medical Laboratory Technician Program 1 Medical Laboratory Technician Program 2 Offerings: 2+2 and 3+1 B.S. Northern College Canada - ON (South Porcupine) Medical Laboratory Technician Program "Credential Earned: Ontario College Certificate; Program Length: 3 Semesters" Northern Illinois University U.S. - IL (DeKalb) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers traditional B.S. in MLS as well as a degree completion program Northwestern College U.S. - IA (Orange City) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The program is based upon three years of college preparatory work and one year in clinical, professional training at one of several hospital-based programs affiliated with Northwestern College. Upon satisfactory completion of the four years of study, the student will receive the Bachelor of Arts degree with a major in medical laboratory science." Ohio Northern University U.S. - OH (Ada) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "We offer a NAACLS accredited bachelor’s degree program and a post-baccalaureate certificate program in medical laboratory science. Both programs include biology, chemistry, organic chemistry and anatomy courses and emphasize hands-on learning." Ohio State University U.S. - OH (Columbus) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers several certification and post-graduate options in Medical Laboratory Science Oklahoma Christian University U.S. - OK (Edmond) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Bachelor's program; "The major consists of three years of university work, plus two semesters of Medical Laboratory Science Program courses." Oregon Tech U.S. - OR (Wilsonville) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The Bachelor of Science in Medical Laboratory Science (BS MLS) is offered through a joint partnership between Oregon Tech and Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU) ... To make sure our graduates are adept and self-assured professionals, BS MLS students participate in an extensive externship program. This clinical experience, includes an on campus simulated lab completed before students participate in 12 weeks of applied study and training in clinical laboratories." Pennsylvania College of Health Sciences U.S. - PN (Lancaster) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a certificate in Medical Laboratory Science Phillips Community College U.S. - AR (Helena) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers an A.A.S. in Medical Laboratory Technology Phoenix College U.S. - AZ (Phoenix) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers an A.A.S. and certificate in Medical Laboratory Science Pima Community College U.S. - AZ (Tuscon) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers an A.A.S. in Medical Laboratory Technician Providence Sacred Heart School of Medical Technology U.S. - WA (Spokane) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a certificate program that serves as the "+1" of a 3+1 or 4+1 B.S. program Purdue University U.S. - IN (West Lafayette) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "3 years plus 1 year clinical (application required for clinical)" Quinnipiac University U.S. - CT (New Haven) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The comprehensive examination in medical laboratory sciences (2 credits) is a requirement for the non-thesis option in the Biomedical Sciences program." Radford University Carilion U.S. - VA (Roanoke) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program B.S. program: "This four-year degree program leads to a Bachelor of Science in Medical Laboratory Science and prepares students for the national certification exam administered by the American Society of Clinical Pathology (ASCP)." The university also has a certificate program: "This one-year program is designed for applicants who have previously completed a baccalaureate degree in a related science and want to further their education or change careers, but do not have enough transfer credits to complete a second baccalaureate degree in Medical Laboratory Science." Red River College Canada - MB (Winnipeg) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a twenty-eight (28) month advanced diploma in Medical Laboratory Science Rush University U.S. - IL (Chicago) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offerings: M.S. Rutgers U.S. - NJ (Newark) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "Our 45-credit curriculum begins in the summer semester. It can be taken full-time in four semesters, or part-time in eight semesters. It is located on the Newark campus, with some didactic components offered online. On and off-campus practical experiences complement classroom instruction." Saginaw Valley State University U.S. - MI (University City) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The program consists of two and one half years of general education and medical laboratory science program prerequisites, including supporting courses in biology and chemistry. The last semester of the third year and the entire fourth year of study consist of the professional phase courses of the program." SAIT Polytechnic Canada - AB (Calgary) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Two-year diploma including clinical practica Salisbury University U.S. - MD (Salisbury) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science, as well as several associated minors San Francisco State University U.S. - CA (San Francisco) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "SF State's Clinical Laboratory Science (CLS) Internship Program offers a 14-month full-time program that combines 16 weeks of lecture and laboratory instruction on the campus, followed by a 40-week off-campus internship at an affiliated clinical laboratory site. Completion of the internship program is required for eligibility to national board certification examinations and the California Clinical Laboratory Scientist license." Saskatchewan Polytechnic Canada - SK (Saskatoon) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "Medical Laboratory Technology is a nationally accredited two-and-a-half-year diploma program offered at Saskatchewan Polytechnic in Saskatoon ... Graduates are eligible to write the Canadian Society for Medical Laboratory Science (CSMLS) General Medical Laboratory Technology certification exam. This entitles you to work anywhere in Canada and to register as a licensed Medical Laboratory Technologist with the Saskatchewan Society of Medical Laboratory Technologists (SSMLT)." Shoreline Community College U.S. - WA (Shoreline) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers both an A.A.S. and certificate in Medical Laboratory Technology South Dakota State University U.S. - SD (Brookings) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers several B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science, as well as an upward mobility program and Phlebotomy certificate Southwest Minnesota State University U.S. - MN (Marshall) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science St. Clair College Canada - ON (Windsor) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Medical Laboratory Technician Program MLS: "Three Year - Ontario College Advanced Diploma"; MLT: "One Year - Ontario College Certificate (delivered in less than 1 year)" St. Cloud State University U.S. - MN (St. Cloud) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a 3+1 or 2+2 bachelor program St. Edward's University U.S. - TX (Austin) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. + M.S.; "The University of Texas Medical Branch in Galveston has an agreement with St. Edward’s through which students can earn two degrees in five years. Students complete three years at St. Edward’s and two years of clinical training at UTMB. Through this program, you can earn a bachelor’s degree in Biology from St. Edward’s and a master’s degree in Clinical Laboratory Science from UTMB." St. Francis University U.S. - PA (Loretto) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The Bachelor of Health Science degree with a concentration in Medical Laboratory Science (B.H.S.M.L.S.) is a degree completion program designed to provide professional development and educational options for Medical Laboratory Technicians (MLTs)." St. John's University U.S. - NY (Queens) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. in Clinical Laboratory Sciences St. Lawrence College Canada - ON (Kingston) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Three-year program to earn an Ontario College Advanced Diploma in Medical Laboratory Science St. Luke's College U.S. - IA (Sioux City) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The Medical Laboratory Science program at St. Luke's College will provide 11 months of professional studies committed to classroom and practical instruction. Clinical experience in the laboratory at UnityPoint Health - St. Luke's and MercyOne Siouxland Medical Center will help you work with accuracy and precision while performing diagnostic tests." St. Philip's College U.S. - TX (San Antonio) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The Medical Laboratory Technician (MLT) program prepares Health Science professionals to perform analysis on blood and body fluids to enable a physician to diagnose and monitor the treatment of diseases. The MLT program helps students obtain marketable skills for entry-level positions. Graduates earn an Associate of Applied Science Degree. " Stevenson University U.S. - MD (Owings Mills) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. and minor in Medical Laboratory Science Stony Brook University U.S. - NY (Stony Brook) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The Clinical Laboratory Sciences Program at Stony Brook University is an upper-division program leading to a Bachelor of Science degree. Upon completion of the program, the graduates are eligible to take the National ASCP Board Certification Exam and are New York State License eligible." Tarleton State University U.S. - TX (Fort Worth) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offerings: Bachelor in Medical Laboratory Science (BS-MLS), Master of Science in Medical Laboratory Sciences (MS-MLS), Health Professions Technology (BAT-HPT), Public Health (BS in PH), Medical Laboratory Technician (AAS-MLT), Histotechnician (AAS-HT) Texas Tech University U.S. - TX (Lubbock) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers two B.S. degrees in Clinical Laboratory Science, as well as a post-baccalaureate certificate Thomas More College U.S. - KY (Crestview Hills) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science Thomas Jefferson University U.S. - PA (Philadelphia) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a variety of B.S. and M.S. programs in Medical Laboratory Science Thomas University U.S. - GA (Thomasville) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Bachelor's options: 2+ 2 Online Option or Traditional Campus-Based Program University of Alabama at Birmingham U.S. - AL (Birmingham) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers an M.S. in Clinical Laboratory Sciences University of Alaska - Anchorage U.S. - AK (Anchorage) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offerings: Associate of Applied Science, Medical Laboratory Technology and Bachelor of Science, Medical Laboratory Science University of Alberta Canada - AB (Edmonton) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "This is a three year program at the University of Alberta with students admitted to the program after a minimum of one pre-professional year. Students graduate with a B.Sc. (MLS) and gain professional certification from the Canadian Society for Medical Laboratory Science." University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences U.S. - AR (Little Rock) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The Medical Laboratory Sciences program offers a full or part-time track beginning each fall semester. Online students may be admitted in the spring. The full-time track requires 17 months to complete. The program also offers an MLT-to-MLS distance track that is designed for medical laboratory technicians (MLTs) certified by the American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP) or equivalent agency. The MLT-to-MLS track can be completed in 3 semesters (full time) or 5 semesters (part time). Upon completion of the full-time, part-time, or MLT-to-MLS track, a Bachelor of Science in Medical Laboratory Sciences is awarded. The program also offers a non-degree option for those students not desiring a Bachelor of Science degree. Certification as an MLT or equivalent is preferred for non-degree students. The maximum number of credits that may be taken in this option is 24 hours." University of Bridgeport U.S. - CT (Bridgeport) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science University of British Columbia Canada - BC (Vancouver) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science University of California - Davis U.S. - CA (Davis) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a 12-month training program that results in a certificate. "The UC Davis Health CLS training program is a small hospital based program committed to providing well trained entry level Clinical Laboratory professionals to the greater Sacramento area and surrounding rural communities. To that end, the program preferentially selects applicants with ties to the greater Sacramento area or rural training partner sites located in Placerville, CA and Modesto, CA." University of Central Florida U.S. - FL (Orlando) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Cincinnati U.S. - OH (Cincinnati) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The University of Cincinnati's Medical Laboratory Science program has several program track and certificiate options for you to choose from." University of Colorado - Colorado Springs U.S. - CO (Colorado Springs) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. and certificate in Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Connecticut U.S. - CT (Storrs) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. and certificate in Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Deleware U.S. - DE (Newark) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. and M.S. in Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Findlay U.S. - OH (Findlay) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The University of Findlay's MLS program will prepare you to enter an accredited clinical education training program. The program includes courses that are required for certification as well as the general education requirements needed for a bachelor of science degree. When completing the bachelor of science degree with a major in medical laboratory science, you are also earning a minor in biology and are only one course away from earning a minor in chemistry." University of Indianapolis U.S. - IN (Indianapolis) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The medical laboratory science degree program is highly competitive, requiring three years of coursework at UIndy and completion of a 12-month clinical training program in a hospital laboratory during the fourth year of undergraduate study." University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine U.S. - IA (Iowa City) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "University of Iowa's Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine offers a bachelor's degree in medical laboratory sciences through an affiliation with Allen College in Waterloo, Iowa. The program provides patient-centered educational opportunities, with theoretical knowledge and practical experience in hematology, clinical chemistry, microbiology, immunohematology, immunology, endocrinology, and molecular diagnostics. Students can enroll in the program as the final year of a bachelor’s degree or as an additional year following receipt of a bachelor’s degree." University of Kansas U.S. - KS (Kansas City) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S., M.S., and Doctorate in Clinical Laboratory Science University of Kentucky U.S. - KY (Lexington) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Track Options: Second B.S. Degree, Transfer Students, Online MLT to MLS University of Louisiana at Monroe U.S. - LA (Monroe) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The program is a minimum four-year curriculum, which includes a solid foundation in basic sciences, a broad background in medical laboratory science with several specialized courses..." University of Maine U.S. - ME (Orono) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science University of Mary U.S. - ND (Bismarck) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. or B.A. in Medical Laboratory Science University of Maryland U.S. - MD (Baltimore) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science and M.S. in Laboratory Management University of Massachusetts - Dartmouth U.S. - MA (Dartmouth) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "UMass Dartmouth offers a Bachelor of Science Degree in Medical Laboratory Science. All graduates meet requirements for national certification or state licensure." University of Minnesota U.S. - MN (Minneapolis) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The University of Minnesota’s Medical Laboratory Sciences program is the only accredited 4-year baccalaureate degree program in a public institution in the State of Minnesota." University of Mississippi U.S. - MS (Jackson) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The Department of Clinical and Diagnostic Sciences offers two types of Medical Laboratory Science bachelor degree programs to assist students with their career goals": a traditional B.S. and an MLT-MLS advanced standing bachelor degree program. University of Missouri - Columbia U.S. - MO (Columbia) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. and M.S. in Clinical Laboratory Science University of Montana - Missoula U.S. - MT (Missoula) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "Both UM and MSU offer 3+1 or 4+1 curriculum options. Either course of study results in a B.S. degree in Medical Laboratory Science (UM) or Microbiology with an emphasis in Medical Laboratory Science (MSU)." University of Mount Union U.S. - OH (Alliance) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The Bachelor of Science degree in medical laboratory science at the University of Mount Union combines three years of on-campus study with a final year of professional training in medical technology and laboratory science at one of our affiliated hospital-based schools. This clinical year amounts to 2,000 hours of intense study and lab experience, culminating in a comprehensive examination." University of New Brunswick Canada - NB (Fredericton/St. John) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The BMLS degree requires completion of the MLT program either prior to or after completion of 84 credit hours of courses at UNB. For graduation, students must have completed the UNB portion of the degree as well as 2.5 years of the MLT program at NBCC-SJ and have passed the Canadian Society for Medical Laboratory Science (CSMLS) exams required for professional practice." University of New Hampshire U.S. - NH (Durham) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "UNH has the only four-year, NAACLS-accredited medical laboratory science program in New Hampshire, giving students a path to become certified medical laboratory scientists with the American Society of Clinical Pathology." University of New Mexico U.S. - NM (Albuquerque) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill U.S. - NC (Chapel Hill) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. and M.S. in Clinical Laboratory Science University of North Dakota U.S. - ND (Grand Forks) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "We issue a bachelor's degree and/or certificate in MLS through six different routes of study." University of North Texas U.S. - TX (Denton) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "Students complete a minimum of 88 semester hours at UNT prior to entering clinical training. Then students must enroll in a minimum of 12 months of clinical training (for a minimum of 32 semester hours) at any hospital or university laboratory approved by the National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Sciences." University of Ontario Institute of Technology Canada - ON (Toronto) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a Bachelor of Health Science (Honours) in Medical Laboratory Science University of Regina Canada - SK (Regina) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science University of South Dakota U.S. - SD (Vermillion) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "Students spend 3 years on the USD campus completing medical laboratory science major requirements, university degree requirements, general education, and the fourth year is spent at an affiliated School of Medical Laboratory Science where students complete their clinical requirements. The program culminates in a Bachelor of Science degree from the USD School of Health Sciences." University of Southern Mississippi U.S. - MS (Hattiesburg) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. and M.S. in Medical Laboratory Science University of Tennessee U.S. - TN (Memphis) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offerings: B.S., M.S., and an online MLT to MLS program University of Tennessee - Knoxville U.S. - TN (Knoxville) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science University of Texas - MD Anderson Cancer Center U.S. - TX (Houston) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. in Clinical Laboratory Science University of Texas - Rio Grande Valley U.S. - TX (Edinburg) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science University of Texas at Austin U.S. - TX (Austin) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The Medical Laboratory Science degree at UT is a 3+1 program. Students take 3 years of courses at UT, and their final 12-16 months off campus at one of UT’s affiliate clinical programs. MLS majors take a variety of Biology, Biochemistry, and Chemistry courses before their clinical program. After completing UT coursework and the clinical program, students take their ASCP exams and receive their Bachelor of Science degree from UT." University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio U.S. - TX (San Antonio) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. and M.S. in Medical Laboratory Science University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston U.S. - TX (Galveston) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offerings: B.S., M.S., Doctoral and a categorical certification program University of the Sciences in Philadelphia U.S. - PA (Philadelphia) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science University of Utah U.S. - UT (Salt Lake City) Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers several B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science, as well as certificates and an M.S. University of Vermont U.S. - VT (Burlington) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. and M.S. in Medical Laboratory Science University of Washington U.S. - WA (Seattle) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The MLS Program is a full-time, four-year course of study and is divided into two major parts: the Pre-professional Phase and the Professional Phase ... Graduates of the program earn a Bachelor of Science degree in Medical Laboratory Science." University of West Florida U.S. - FL (Pensacola) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S., MLT-MLS B.S., and certificate program in Medical/Clinical Laboratory Sciences University of Wisconsin - La Crosse U.S. - WI (La Crosse) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The curriculum requires a minimum of six semesters and a summer session on campus to complete the pre-professional and pre-clinical courses. Students spend an additional nine months of clinical education in a hospital-sponsored, accredited program during their senior year. A Bachelor of Science degree is awarded at the satisfactory completion of all required course work." University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee U.S. - WI (Milwaukee) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science University of Wisconsin - Stevens Point U.S. - WI (Stevens Point) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. in Clinical Laboratory Science University of Wyoming - Casper U.S. - WY (Casper) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The MLS program is composed of 60 credit hours of course work between the junior and senior years, with the final semester being reserved for advanced clinical practicum courses. The program curriculum is based on major requirements of the University of Wyoming’s School of Health Science, and program specific requirements for NAACLS accreditation." Utah Tech University U.S. - UT (St. George) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science Virginia Commonwealth University U.S. - VA (Richmond) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offerings: B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. Wallace State Community College U.S. - AL (Hanceville) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers an A.A.S. in Medical Laboratory Technician Washburn University U.S. - KS (Topeka) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science Washington Adventist University U.S. - MD (Takoma Park) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The medical laboratory science program consists of three years of study at Washington Adventist University, followed by a 12- or 13-month senior year in a hospital-based medical laboratory science program. The hospital program affiliated with Washington Adventist University is Andrews University, which is accredited by the National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Sciences. Wayne State University U.S. - MI (Detroit) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. in Clinical Laboratory Science Weber State University U.S. - UT (Ogden) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S., A.A.S., and certificate in Medical Laboratory Science West Liberty University U.S. - WV (West Liberty) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The Medical Laboratory Science (MLS) Program at WLU is a 2+2 program. The freshman and sophomore years are devoted to studying basic science and general study courses. Near the completion of the sophomore year, students may apply for admission into the MLS Program ... Progression through the program is contingent upon the student passing all required coursework in general studies and clinical laboratory science, and successfully completing the clinical practicum (or rotations) at our clinical affiliates" West Virginia University U.S. - WV (Morgantown) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "The WVU Bachelor of Science in Medical Laboratory Science, is a four-year program..." with two areas of emphasis: clinical laboratory scientist and histotechnologist. Western Dakota Technical College U.S. - SD (Rapid City) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program The technical college offers an A.A.S. in Medical Laboratory Technician. Wichita State University U.S. - KS (Wichita) Laboratory Science/Technology Program B.S. program: "The 17-month professional phase consists of 12 months of instruction on the WSU campus and 5 months clinical practice at a medical facility." Wilkes University U.S. - PA (Wilkes-Barre) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Offers a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science (3+1) Wright State University U.S. - OH (Dayton) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program Bachelor program: "The Medical Laboratory Science program includes three years of study at Wright State and a one-year clinical laboratory curriculum accredited by the American Medical Association Council on Medical Education through the National Accrediting Agency of Clinical Laboratory Sciences (NAACLS)." York College of Pennsylvania U.S. - PA (York) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "During your junior year, you will apply for clinicals at an accredited program to be completed during your senior year. You can choose to apply at one of our five affiliated programs or another accredited clinical program in the United States. Upon completion of the Medical Laboratory Science program at York College, you will be required to pass the Medical Lab Scientist (ASCP) Certification." Youngstown State University U.S. - OH (Youngstown) Medical Laboratory Science/Technology Program "This "3+1" program allows you to take courses in the classroom to broaden your understanding before moving on to spend your final year doing hands-on laboratory work through an MLS-accredited hospital program."

One-year hospital-based programs

One-year hospital-based programs School/Hospital Location Program Description Akron Children's Hospital U.S. - OH (Akron) Medical Laboratory Science Program "The Akron Cooperative Medical Laboratory Science Program (ACMLSP or MLS Program) is a collaborative effort among Akron Children’s Hospital and Summa Health." Altoona Regional U.S. - PA (Altoona) Medical Laboratory Science Program "UPMC Altoona School of Medical Technology/Medical Laboratory Science is an accredited, 50-week internship program offering clinical theoretical concepts with clinical experience." Arrowhead Regional Medical Center U.S. - CA (Colton) Medical Laboratory Science Program "Students rotate through all areas of the laboratory during the 12-month (40 hours per week) training program. The program includes both lectures and clinical training. The program charges no tuition. Students receive a certificate upon completion of the program. Successful completion qualifies students to sit for a national certification exam and/or California licensure." Ascension St. Vincent's Jacksonville U.S. - FL (Jacksonville) Medical Laboratory Science Program "As a hospital based program, acceptance into the program guarantees clinical placement. The curriculum includes 50 weeks of instruction with classes starting each year in January and late June. Each class has a maximum capacity of five students." Augusta Health U.S. - VA (Fishersville) Medical Laboratory Science Program "The program is rigorous and consists of over 1500 clock hours of instruction which is equivalent to 40 semester-credit hours. It is intended to provide didactic and practical instruction in the field of clinical laboratory science to prepare program graduates to sit for the national certification exam. " Austin State Hospital U.S. - TX (Austin) Medical Laboratory Science Program "The program is designed to instruct students in academic and practical phases of laboratory medicine. Graduates are eligible to take the Medical Laboratory Scientist Board of Certification examination given by the American Society for Clinical Pathology." Baptist Medical Center South U.S. - AL (Montgomery) Medical Laboratory Science Program "Baptist Health offers a one-year hospital-based medical technology internship ... After successful completion of the internship the affiliated university awards the bachelor's degree ... The School of Medical Laboratory Science is affiliated with Auburn University and Troy University." Baylor Scott & White Medical Center - Temple U.S. - TX (Temple) Medical Laboratory Science Program "The Baylor Scott & White Medical Center - Temple Program in Medical Laboratory Science (MLS) is a one-year training program for students who have a bachelor's degree in the sciences (4+1) or who are currently enrolled in a clinical laboratory science, medical laboratory science or medical technology degree program (3+1)." Beaumont Hospital U.S. - MI (Royal Oak) Medical Laboratory Science Program "This 44-week clinical laboratory education program is designed for post-baccalaureate, non-MLS degree candidates. The inaugural class began in January 2022." Cleveland Clinic U.S. - OH (Cleveland) Medical Laboratory Science Program "The program consists of 47 weeks of lecture and laboratory experience ... The courses include lectures, student lab and clinical lab experience. Cleveland Clinic’s Main Campus Hospital and Akron General are the two locations for the clinical lab experience." Community Healthcare System Central Laboratory U.S. - IN (Munster) Medical Laboratory Science Program "...the School of Medical Laboratory Science, an 11-month program designed for baccalaureate graduates in the biological sciences or 3+1 option for students at Purdue University Northwest and Calumet College of St. Joseph." Conemaugh Memorial Medical Center U.S. - PA (Johnstown) Medical Laboratory Science Program "Conemaugh School of Medical Laboratory Science offers a 48-week program that provides theoretical and clinical training for qualified, academically prepared students." Denver Health School of Medical Laboratory Science U.S. - CO (Denver) Medical Laboratory Science Program "The School of Medical Laboratory Science is an 11-month hospital-based education program, offered by Denver Health, designed to provide theoretical knowledge and student and clinical laboratory experiences in all laboratory disciplines. The program begins in early January and finishes in mid-November." DMC University Laboratories U.S. - MI (Detroit) Medical Laboratory Science Program "The program accepts 10 students each year for 36 weeks of practical training. Both degree and non degree students are acceptable, providing admission criteria are met." Eisenhower Health U.S. - CA (Rancho Mirage) Medical Laboratory Science Program "Students spend 12 months learning the specialties of each area of the clinical laboratory. Interpersonal skills are fostered through interactions with patients, physicians, clients, and colleagues ... Our CLS/MLS program is 52 weeks long and begins every September. Students are required to attend classes 40 hours per week, Monday through Friday, excluding holidays." Evanston Hospital U.S. - IL (Evanston) Medical Laboratory Science Program "The goal of the Program is to prepare competent men and women for the profession of Medical Laboratory Scientist. This goal is accomplished through the student’s participation in a curriculum that includes a 6 week basic laboratory course as well as clinical rotations and didactic instruction in each laboratory specialty." Franciscan St. Francis Health - Indianapolis U.S. - IN (Indianapolis) Medical Laboratory Science Program "The program accepts students in the final year of a baccalaureate degree program at an affiliated college or university, or those with a bachelor's degree. Students earn 32 college credit hours and receive eight hours of instruction a day. Credit can be transferred to an affiliated college or university to fulfill requirements for a bachelor of science degree." Guthrie Robert Packer Hospital U.S. - PA (Sayre) Medical Laboratory Science Program "The Medical Laboratory Sciences program combines a high caliber education with a state-of-the-art learning environment to provide a 50-week internship, on top of 3-4 years of college. Upon successful completion of the internship, the student receives a baccalaureate degree from their affiliated university and a certificate in Clinical Laboratory Sciences from the Program." Hennepin County Medical Center U.S. - MN (Minneapolis) Medical Laboratory Science Program "The Medical Laboratory Science program accepts students from MLS programs at 5 affiliated universities. Students spend approximately 9 months in our clinical laboratory training. Completion of coursework here at HCMC earns college credit at their home university. The Phlebotomy Technician program accepts students for a 12-week certificate program including both lecture and practical training. Enrollment at an affiliated university or school is not needed for the Phlebotomy Technician program." Houston Methodist Hospital U.S. - TX (Houston) Medical Laboratory Science Program "Houston Methodist Hospital Medical Laboratory Science Program is a 12-month professional course of study, which is fully accredited by the National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Sciences (NAACLS). Upon successful completion of this course of study, you will qualify for the examination and certification by the board of certification of the American Society of Clinical Pathology (ASCP)." Indiana University Health Methodist Hospital U.S. - IN (Indianapolis) Medical Laboratory Science Program "After meeting the prerequisites, students apply for a full-time internship at Indiana University Health Methodist Hospital Medical Laboratory Science Program. The program runs for 11 months, full-time days and is divided into two phases." Inova Fairfax Hospital U.S. - VA (Falls Church) Medical Laboratory Science Program "The Inova Fairfax Hospital Medical Laboratory Science program is a highly competitive and rigorous 11-month-long program consisting of over 1,700 clock hours of instruction. The program is intended to qualify its graduates to take the National Board of Certification examination given by the American Society for Clinical Pathology in pursuit of the MLS (ASCP) certification. We enroll 6-8 students each year." Jersey Shore University Medical Center U.S. - NJ (Neptune) Medical Laboratory Science Program "The Medical Laboratory Science (MLS) program at Florence M. Cook School is a full-time eleven-month hospital-based program. It is fully accredited by the National Accreditation Agency for Clinical Laboratory Science (NAACLS)." Lexington Medical Center U.S. - SC (West Columbia) Medical Laboratory Science Program "The Program is 12-month in length and begins and ends each August. No more than four students are enrolled at a time, allowing for an extremely low student-to-teacher ratio that maximizes learning." Mercy Health - St. Vincent Medical Center U.S. - OH (Toledo) Medical Laboratory Science Program "The one-year program begins in July. You will spend approximately 40 hours a week, eight hours a day, dividing your time between the classroom and the laboratory. Instruction includes technical and clinical aspects of laboratory analysis with clinical correlation, and theory and concepts in the clinical laboratory and behavior sciences." Mercy Hospital St. Louis U.S. - MO (St. Louis) Medical Laboratory Science Program "The fifty-one week program provides a structured educational experience which includes lectures and clinical laboratory rotations ... The CLS program awards a certificate upon successful completion of the year. The certificate plus an appropriate baccalaureate degree allows the student to sit for a national certification examination." Monmouth Medical Center U.S. - NJ (West Orange) Medical Laboratory Science Program "The John A. Mihok Medical Laboratory Science Program (MLS) at Monmouth Medical Center (MMC) is a 12-month comprehensive experiential learning experience. The program starts each year during the last week of August and includes six (6) months of didactic (classroom) instruction and practical exercises in student lab followed by six (6) months of clinical laboratory rotations." Myron E. Rubnitz, M.D. School of Medical Laboratory Science U.S. - IL (Hines) Medical Laboratory Science Program "...consists of 11 months of clinical education beginning the first week of August. All sciences courses at Hines have a didactic and a practical component; this enables the student to learn the theory of procedures, gain experience in performing those procedures and make clinical correlations from the laboratory data generated." Nebraska Methodist Hospital U.S. - NE (Omaha) Medical Laboratory Science Program An 11-month internship that runs from June to early May. "The program accepts applications from August through October 15 for the next academic year's class." NewYork-Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital U.S. - NY (Brooklyn) Medical Laboratory Science Program "The program involves a full-time, one-year commitment where students concurrently engage in both didactic and clinical educational experiences." Northern Light Eastern Maine Medical Center U.S. - ME (Bangor) Medical Laboratory Science Program "The 11-month training program results in a certificate in medical laboratory science from Northern Light Eastern Maine Medical Center while fulfilling requirements for the bachelor of science in Medical Laboratory Science from the University of Maine. Upon successful program completion, students are eligible to sit for the American Society of Clinical Pathology (ASCP) board of certification (BOC) examination." Our Lady of Fatima Hospital U.S. - RI (Providence) Medical Laboratory Science Program "The Our Lady of Fatima School of Medical Technology program is a twelve-month internship that begins in June and ends the following June. Our Lady of Fatima accepts, on average, seven students into the program ... Upon completion of the internship, students graduate with a certificate and are eligible to sit for the board of certification given by the American Society of Clinical Pathology (ASCP)." Parkview Health Laboratories U.S. - IN (Fort Wayne) Medical Laboratory Science Program "Students must pass a final exam to successfully complete the Parkview Medical Laboratory Science Program. Upon completion, students receive a graduation certificate. They are then eligible to pursue certifications offered by the Board of Certification of the American Society for Clinical Pathology." Parkview Medical Center U.S. - CO (Pueblo) Medical Laboratory Science Program "Classes begin each year in July. The program is 11 months in length." Reading Hospital U.S. - PA (Reading) Medical Laboratory Science Program "This 12-month program is open to students looking to complete their undergraduate medical laboratory science degree in a clinical setting (3+1 option), or take a post-baccalaureate year to gain experience (4+1 option)." Sanford USD Medical Center U.S. - SD (Sioux Falls) Medical Laboratory Science Program "The MLS program consists of 48 weeks of combined didactic classroom lecture and real life clinical laboratory training in our state of the art medical laboratory. The student to instructor ratio in the classroom is ten to one. The clinical training in the laboratory is typically one to one with an instructing staff member or instructor. A certificate of completion is awarded to graduating students ... Applications are accepted Aug. 1 to Oct. 1 for the programs starting the following summer." Santa Barbara Cottage Hospital U.S. - CA (Santa Barbara) Medical Laboratory Science Program "Training Period: 12 months; Training Begins: September (Fall), February/March (Spring); Class Size: Up to 3 students per start date" School of Medical Laboratory Science at Pennsylvania Hospital U.S. - PA (Philadelphia) Medical Laboratory Science Program "Students are given both practical and theoretical training in various sections of the clinical laboratory. The practicum is a 11-month rotating program based on a 40-hour week, beginning in late August (Fall cohort) or January (Spring cohort). The program devotes six hours per week to formal lectures." Sentara RMH Medical Center U.S. - VA (Harrisonburg) Medical Laboratory Science Program "The School of Medical Laboratory Science admits up to twelve students in January and June. The program includes six months of lecture and student labs in Harrisonburg, VA., followed by six months of rotation through all departments in the clinical laboratory. Clinical rotation sites include Sentara RMH Medical Center, Sentara Halifax Regional Hospital, Sentara Martha Jefferson Hospital, Sentara Norfolk General Hospital, and Sentara Northern Virginia Medical Center." St. Christopher's Hospital for Children U.S. - PA (Philadelphia) Medical Laboratory Science Program "To fulfill their clinical and academic requirements in 10 months, students spend two months in didactic instruction with the remainder of time spent as follows: Mondays in the classroom and Tuesday-Fridays in their medical laboratory rotations. The academic year begins in late August and typically ends in late June." St. Elizabeth Healthcare U.S. - KY (Edgewood) Medical Laboratory Science Program "St. Elizabeth School of Medical Laboratory Science has been in operation since the 1950’s. Curriculum at St. Elizabeth Healthcare Medical Laboratory Science Program consists of an 11-month program of both didactic and supervised clinical training" St. Luke's Hospital U.S. - MO (Kansas City) Medical Laboratory Science Program "As a Medical Lab Science student, you’ll be trained only in Saint Luke’s Health System laboratories, which allows us to closely monitor and control the quality of your education. In addition, our regional reference laboratory will expose you to a range of laboratory testing that is unmatched in the area. Rotations also include three weeks of molecular diagnostics instruction in our Roche Molecular Center of Excellence laboratory, the only one in Kansas and Missouri." UCLA Health U.S. - CA (Los Angeles) Medical Laboratory Science Program "The UCLA CLS Program ONLY accepts students through the California State University, Dominguez Hills, College of Professional Studies, School of Health and Human Services, Clinical Sciences Major, Medical Technology Program Option. " United Regional Health Care System U.S. - TX (Wichita Falls) Medical Laboratory Science Program "United Regional's School of MLS is a 52-week program and must be completed in order to be eligible for certification examinations or employment as a Medical Laboratory Scientist." UnityPoint Health - Cedar Rapids U.S. - IA (Cedar Rapids) Medical Laboratory Science Program "The program typically starts mid-August and is a 35 week program. Classes meeting Monday-Friday and the hours are typically 0700-1430. There are some rotations where it is required to come in before 0700 or stay until 1530. Mornings are spent in the clinical laboratory rotation with lecture in the afternoon." University of California Irvine Medical Center U.S. - CA (Irvine) Medical Laboratory Science Program "The CLS Training Program provides a full year of didactic and clinical instruction. The curriculum includes intensive bench training, formal and informal lectures, and case studies. Students receive more than 200 hours of formal lectures covering the various disciplines of clinical laboratory science." University of Nebraska Medical Center U.S. - NE (Omaha) Medical Laboratory Science Program "The University of Nebraska Medical Center offers a Bachelor of Science degree in Medical Laboratory Science (MLS). The MLS Program is well established and combines a strong curriculum with a clinical component that prepares individuals to sit for MLS/MT national certification exams." The Valley Hospital U.S. - NJ (Ridgewood) Medical Laboratory Science Program "... the student may then apply for admission to the professional phase of the program, which is a 11-month internship in a clinical setting. Individuals who have completed a baccalaureate degree in a scientific discipline can also apply to the professional program with completion of prerequisite coursework." UPMC Chautauqua U.S. - NY (Jamestown) Medical Laboratory Science Program "The UPMC Chautauqua Medical Laboratory Science Program is an accredited, 45-week, program offering intensive study and clinical experience in medical laboratory science as the final year of a Bachelor’s degree." Vanderbilt University Medical Center U.S. - TN (Nashville) Medical Laboratory Science Program "Upon satisfactory completion of the training program, a certificate of completion is awarded to the student. The course of study during the clinical year may be credited towards a baccalaureate degree for 3+1 students where an affiliation between the student's college or university and the Medical Center exists." WellSpan York Hospital U.S. - PA (York) Medical Laboratory Science Program "... a 12-month program for college students sponsored by WellSpan York Hospital. The program typically serves as a student's senior year of college (3+1 option), but applicants with a B.S. degree (4+1) who meet the entrance requirements will be considered as well." UPMC Williamsport U.S. - PA (Williamsport) Medical Laboratory Science Program "The Medical Laboratory Science Program is a 12-month educational program designed to be completed as the fourth or fifth year in a baccalaureate degree program ... Upon successful completion of the program, students receive a baccalaureate degree from their affiliating college/university and a Certificate of Graduation from the hospital."

Continuing education

AAMA's various online courses: The American Association of Medical Assistants offers courses and continuing education opportunities.

ASCLS Labucate: The American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science (ASCLS) offers "convenient, high-quality, and affordable continuing education for laboratory professionals."

LabCE's various online classes: LabCE offers more than 90 online clinical laboratory continuing education courses "for lab professionals, including medical laboratory technologists (MT), laboratory technicians (MLT), and students." Many of them are PACE-approved for continuing education credits.

Other courses

The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services has a listing of CME courses that help aspiring laboratory directors of moderate complexity laboratories meet CLIA guidelines.

List of staffing agencies

The following are staffing agencies that focus at least some of their energy towards finding and placing laboratory personnel and management, including medical technologists, medical laboratory technicians, cytotechnologists, histotechnologists, and laboratory directors.

National (U.S.) and global

• Accountable Healthcare Staffing
• Aerotek
• All Medical Personnel
• ALL's WELL
• AMN Healthcare
• Aureus Medical Group
• Club Staffing
• CompHealth
• Fusion Medical Staffing
• HealthCare Connections, Inc.
• Insource
• Joule Scientific Staffing Solutions
• Kelly Scientific
• Lab Support
• Lighthouse Recruiting
• Maxim Staffing Solutions
• Med Travellers
• Medical Staffing Services
• Millenia Medical Staffing
• Scientific Recruitment Agency
• Soliant
• St. Mark's World
• StaffPointe
• Travel Force Staffing
• TravelMax Allied
• Uniforce Staffing Solutions

Regional (U.S.)

• Access Staffing (New York)
• Florida Medical Staffing (Florida)
• Health Professional Medical Staffing (California)
• HealthCare Talent (California)
• Lab Pros (Massachusetts)
• Laboratory Staffing, Inc. (Minnesota)
• Labtech Specialty Staffing (Kansas / Missouri)
• Mitchell Martin (New York)
• NuWest (Washington)
• Stover Medical Support Services (Missouri / Illinois)
• Temporary Lab Services (Virginia)

Citation information for this chapter

Chapter: 5. Staffing and education requirements

Title: The Comprehensive Guide to Physician Office Laboratory Setup and Operation

Author for citation: Shawn E. Douglas

License for content: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International

Publication date: June 2015