Difference between revisions of "Hospital information system"

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==History==
==History==


The idea of implementing a computerized information-handling system in the hospital sphere came as early as 1966, when Lockheed Martin conducted an information gathering project on the feasibility of such a system. Lockheed built a prototype hospital information system called "MIS" or "Medical Information System," and El Camino Hospital agreed to pilot it incrementally. In 1971 Lockheed was forced to sell its HIS research division to Technicon Data Systems; however, El Camino ultimately decided to fully implement it in 1972.<ref name="DemEvalHos">{{cite book |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=6RA7YzUXYg8C |title=Demonstration and evaluation of a total hospital information system |author=Gall, John E.; Norwood, Donald D.; El Camino Hospital |publisher=U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, Health Resources Administration, National Center for Health Services Research |series=NCHSR research summary series |year=1977 |pages=38}}</ref><ref name="EvoHosSys">{{cite journal |url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2203735/pdf/procascamc00012-0066.pdf |format=PDF |title=Evolution of a Hospital Information System |author=Buchanan, Neilson S. |journal=Proceedings of the Annual Symposium on Computer Application in Medical Care |issue=1 |pages=34–36 |date=05 November 1980 |pmcid=PMC2203735}}</ref> The system had features such as laboratory test scheduling, IV ordering, and pharmacy management.<ref name="EvoHosSys" /> By the late-1970s to the early-1980s, other hospitals around the world had implemented hospital information systems<ref name="TaxHIS">{{cite journal |url=http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF02285254 |title=A taxonomy: Hospital information systems evaluation methodologies |author=Krobock, John R. |journal=Journal of Medical Systems |volume=8 |issue=5 |pages=419–429 |date=October 1984 |doi=10.1007/BF02285254}}</ref>, and researchers and companies had written about their efficacy.<ref name="HCS">{{cite book |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=80pRAAAAMAAJ |title=Hospital Computer Systems |author=Collen, Morris Frank |publisher=Wiley |year=1974 |pages=768 |isbn=0471165107}}</ref><ref name="HISEncyc">{{cite book |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=rpnDzWi-bDoC |chapter=Hospital Information Systems |author=Anderson, Elizabeth B.; Kent, Allen (ed.); Lancour, Harold (ed.) |title=Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science, Volume 11 |publisher=CRC Press |year=1974 |pages=1–18 |isbn=0824720113}}</ref><ref name="HISHomer">{{cite book |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=hlJrAAAAMAAJ |title=Hospital Information Systems |author=Schmitz, Homer H. |publisher=Aspen Systems Corporation |year=1979 |pages=188 |isbn=0894431560}}</ref> Yet by this same time period, HIS's positive impact on hospitals — based on operating costs — was not apparent.<ref name="TaxHIS" />
The idea of implementing a computerized information-handling system in the hospital sphere came as early as 1965, when Lockheed Martin conducted an information gathering project on the feasibility of such a system.<ref name="LHHIS">{{cite book |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=8vsFGwAACAAJ |title=Lockheed Hospital Information System |publisher=Lockheed Aircraft Corporation |year=1965 |pages=82}}</ref><ref name="DemEvalHos">{{cite book |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=6RA7YzUXYg8C |title=Demonstration and evaluation of a total hospital information system |author=Gall, John E.; Norwood, Donald D.; El Camino Hospital |publisher=U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, Health Resources Administration, National Center for Health Services Research |series=NCHSR research summary series |year=1977 |pages=38}}</ref>
 
Lockheed built a prototype hospital information system called "MIS" or "Medical Information System," and El Camino Hospital agreed to pilot it incrementally. In 1971 Lockheed was forced to sell its HIS research division to Technicon Data Systems; however, El Camino ultimately decided to fully implement it in 1972.<ref name="DemEvalHos" /><ref name="EvoHosSys">{{cite journal |url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2203735/pdf/procascamc00012-0066.pdf |format=PDF |title=Evolution of a Hospital Information System |author=Buchanan, Neilson S. |journal=Proceedings of the Annual Symposium on Computer Application in Medical Care |issue=1 |pages=34–36 |date=05 November 1980 |pmcid=PMC2203735}}</ref> The system had features such as laboratory test scheduling, IV ordering, and pharmacy management.<ref name="EvoHosSys" />  
 
By the late-1970s to the early-1980s, other hospitals around the world had implemented hospital information systems<ref name="TaxHIS">{{cite journal |url=http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF02285254 |title=A taxonomy: Hospital information systems evaluation methodologies |author=Krobock, John R. |journal=Journal of Medical Systems |volume=8 |issue=5 |pages=419–429 |date=October 1984 |doi=10.1007/BF02285254}}</ref> with functionality like accounting, budgeting, patient census, inventory, scheduling, registration, and even instrument automation.<ref name="AdvInComp16">{{cite book |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=0dj2HGAZs4wC |chapter=Perspectives in Clinical Computing |title=Advances in Computers |volume=16 |author=Rubinoff, Morris; Yovits, M. Marshall Clinton |publisher=Academic Press |year=1977 |pages=128–177 |isbn=0080566480}}</ref> Researchers and companies were also debating and writing about the efficacy of these systems.<ref name="HCS">{{cite book |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=80pRAAAAMAAJ |title=Hospital Computer Systems |author=Collen, Morris Frank |publisher=Wiley |year=1974 |pages=768 |isbn=0471165107}}</ref><ref name="HISEncyc">{{cite book |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=rpnDzWi-bDoC |chapter=Hospital Information Systems |author=Anderson, Elizabeth B.; Kent, Allen (ed.); Lancour, Harold (ed.) |title=Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science, Volume 11 |publisher=CRC Press |year=1974 |pages=1–18 |isbn=0824720113}}</ref><ref name="HISHomer">{{cite book |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=hlJrAAAAMAAJ |title=Hospital Information Systems |author=Schmitz, Homer H. |publisher=Aspen Systems Corporation |year=1979 |pages=188 |isbn=0894431560}}</ref> Yet by this same time period, HIS's positive impact on hospitals — based on operating costs — was not apparent.<ref name="TaxHIS" />


==Functionality==
==Functionality==

Revision as of 17:56, 2 October 2013

A hospital information system (HIS) (sometimes referred to as a healthcare information system or clinical information system) is a comprehensive, integrated information system designed to manage the medical, administrative, financial, and legal aspects of a hospital and its service processing. As information management demands become more rigorous, "hospitals are becoming more reliant on the ability of [a] hospital information system (HIS) to assist in the diagnosis, management and education for better and improved services and practices."[1]

History

The idea of implementing a computerized information-handling system in the hospital sphere came as early as 1965, when Lockheed Martin conducted an information gathering project on the feasibility of such a system.[2][3]

Lockheed built a prototype hospital information system called "MIS" or "Medical Information System," and El Camino Hospital agreed to pilot it incrementally. In 1971 Lockheed was forced to sell its HIS research division to Technicon Data Systems; however, El Camino ultimately decided to fully implement it in 1972.[3][4] The system had features such as laboratory test scheduling, IV ordering, and pharmacy management.[4]

By the late-1970s to the early-1980s, other hospitals around the world had implemented hospital information systems[5] with functionality like accounting, budgeting, patient census, inventory, scheduling, registration, and even instrument automation.[6] Researchers and companies were also debating and writing about the efficacy of these systems.[7][8][9] Yet by this same time period, HIS's positive impact on hospitals — based on operating costs — was not apparent.[5]

Functionality

A HIS may be composed of one or more software components, including specialty-specific extensions as well as a large variety of sub-systems in medical specialties, including laboratory information systems, (LISs), radiology information systems (RISs) or picture archiving and communication systems (PACSs).

The functionality of a HIS may include help with paper-based information processing, resident work positioning, and mobile data acquisition and presentation.

References

  1. ↑ Amin, Indah Mohd; Hussein, Surya Sumarni; Mohd Isa, Wan Abdul Rahim Wan (2011). "Assessing User Satisfaction of using Hospital Information System (HIS) in Malaysia" (PDF). International Proceedings of Economics Development and Research. 2011 International Conference on Social Science and Humanity 5 (1): 210–213. doi:10.7763/IPEDR. http://www.ipedr.com/vol5/no1/45-H00097.pdf. 
  2. ↑ Lockheed Hospital Information System. Lockheed Aircraft Corporation. 1965. pp. 82. http://books.google.com/books?id=8vsFGwAACAAJ. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Gall, John E.; Norwood, Donald D.; El Camino Hospital (1977). Demonstration and evaluation of a total hospital information system. NCHSR research summary series. U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, Health Resources Administration, National Center for Health Services Research. pp. 38. http://books.google.com/books?id=6RA7YzUXYg8C. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Buchanan, Neilson S. (5 November 1980). "Evolution of a Hospital Information System" (PDF). Proceedings of the Annual Symposium on Computer Application in Medical Care (1): 34–36. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2203735/pdf/procascamc00012-0066.pdf. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Krobock, John R. (October 1984). "A taxonomy: Hospital information systems evaluation methodologies". Journal of Medical Systems 8 (5): 419–429. doi:10.1007/BF02285254. http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF02285254. 
  6. ↑ Rubinoff, Morris; Yovits, M. Marshall Clinton (1977). "Perspectives in Clinical Computing". Advances in Computers. 16. Academic Press. pp. 128–177. ISBN 0080566480. http://books.google.com/books?id=0dj2HGAZs4wC. 
  7. ↑ Collen, Morris Frank (1974). Hospital Computer Systems. Wiley. pp. 768. ISBN 0471165107. http://books.google.com/books?id=80pRAAAAMAAJ. 
  8. ↑ Anderson, Elizabeth B.; Kent, Allen (ed.); Lancour, Harold (ed.) (1974). "Hospital Information Systems". Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science, Volume 11. CRC Press. pp. 1–18. ISBN 0824720113. http://books.google.com/books?id=rpnDzWi-bDoC. 
  9. ↑ Schmitz, Homer H. (1979). Hospital Information Systems. Aspen Systems Corporation. pp. 188. ISBN 0894431560. http://books.google.com/books?id=hlJrAAAAMAAJ. 
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