https://www.limswiki.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Journal%3AChemometric_analysis_of_cannabinoids%3A_Chemotaxonomy_and_domestication_syndromeJournal:Chemometric analysis of cannabinoids: Chemotaxonomy and domestication syndrome - Revision history2026-04-05T23:30:20ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.36.1https://www.limswiki.org/index.php?title=Journal:Chemometric_analysis_of_cannabinoids:_Chemotaxonomy_and_domestication_syndrome&diff=35665&oldid=prevShawndouglas: /* Discussion */ Missing comma2019-05-29T00:15:50Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Discussion: </span> Missing comma</span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 00:15, 29 May 2019</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Metabolomics analysis can generate chemotaxonomic classifications of plants in addition to hypothesis-generating insight of data correlations, metabolite identification, and relationships that would not be possible through single metabolite evaluation.<ref name="TuriMeta15" /><ref name="FiehnMeta02">{{cite journal |title=Metabolomics--The link between genotypes and phenotypes |journal=Plant Molecular Biology |author=Fiehn, O. |volume=48 |issue=1–2 |pages=155–71 |year=2002 |pmid=11860207}}</ref> Using the correlation data and PCA loadings plots, we can hypothesize the putative identity of some of these unknown cannabinoids. For example, CMPD6 had a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.89 with CBDA and occupies the same space within the PCA loadings plot. The UV spectra with a maximum of 224 nm identifies this compound as an acidic cannabinoid which was only detected in the presence of CBDA. Further evaluation showed that it eluted between CBDVA and CBDA; therefore, is hypothesized to be CBDA-C4 with a butyl side chain on the polyketide (Table 2).<ref name="SmithIdent97">{{cite journal |title=Identification of Butyl Cannabinoids in Marijuanas |journal=Journal of Forensic Sciences |author=Smith, R.M. |volume=42 |issue=4 |pages=610–18 |year=1997 |doi=10.1520/JFS14173J}}</ref> Likewise, we putatively identified CBDA-C1, CBDM, and CBDMA among the unknowns separated by our chromatography protocol (Table 2). Due to the presence of THCA synthase in all strains, the correlation cannabinoids produced with this enzyme is less obvious. It was previously reported that low abundance cannabinoids may be regulated by upstream biosynthesis of precursor polyketides.<ref name="ShoyamaBiosynth84" /> We found fewer unknown cannabinoids in the strains selected for higher THC content. With such strong emphasis on the synthesis of a single metabolite, there is a strong possibility that other biosynthetic pathways have been lost in the process.<ref name="MeyerPatterns12" /><ref name="McKeyTheEvo10" /></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Metabolomics analysis can generate chemotaxonomic classifications of plants in addition to hypothesis-generating insight of data correlations, metabolite identification, and relationships that would not be possible through single metabolite evaluation.<ref name="TuriMeta15" /><ref name="FiehnMeta02">{{cite journal |title=Metabolomics--The link between genotypes and phenotypes |journal=Plant Molecular Biology |author=Fiehn, O. |volume=48 |issue=1–2 |pages=155–71 |year=2002 |pmid=11860207}}</ref> Using the correlation data and PCA loadings plots, we can hypothesize the putative identity of some of these unknown cannabinoids. For example, CMPD6 had a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.89 with CBDA and occupies the same space within the PCA loadings plot. The UV spectra with a maximum of 224 nm identifies this compound as an acidic cannabinoid which was only detected in the presence of CBDA. Further evaluation showed that it eluted between CBDVA and CBDA; therefore, is hypothesized to be CBDA-C4 with a butyl side chain on the polyketide (Table 2).<ref name="SmithIdent97">{{cite journal |title=Identification of Butyl Cannabinoids in Marijuanas |journal=Journal of Forensic Sciences |author=Smith, R.M. |volume=42 |issue=4 |pages=610–18 |year=1997 |doi=10.1520/JFS14173J}}</ref> Likewise, we putatively identified CBDA-C1, CBDM, and CBDMA among the unknowns separated by our chromatography protocol (Table 2). Due to the presence of THCA synthase in all strains, the correlation cannabinoids produced with this enzyme is less obvious. It was previously reported that low abundance cannabinoids may be regulated by upstream biosynthesis of precursor polyketides.<ref name="ShoyamaBiosynth84" /> We found fewer unknown cannabinoids in the strains selected for higher THC content. With such strong emphasis on the synthesis of a single metabolite, there is a strong possibility that other biosynthetic pathways have been lost in the process.<ref name="MeyerPatterns12" /><ref name="McKeyTheEvo10" /></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Several classification systems have been proposed for ''Cannabis'' based on a limited number of phenotypic attributes.<ref name="ClarkeCanna17" /><ref name="SmallEvo15" /><ref name="SmallLetter73">{{cite journal |title=Letter: Cannabinoid phenotypes in ''Cannabis sativa'' |journal=Nature |author=Small, E.; Beckstead, H.D. |volume=245 |issue=5421 |pages=147–8 |year=1973 |pmid=4582664}}</ref> The concept of a “strain” does not reflect the crop domestication, breeding programs, or plant chemistry. The strains available in the Canadian marketplace are closely related, and evaluating single metabolite classes does not provide sufficient information to understand the phytochemical diversity available. The abundance of secondary metabolites within plants does not necessarily correlate with pharmacological significance, and with ''Cannabis'' there is the postulated “entourage effect” describing the synergistic effects of many metabolites for anecdotal medical efficacy.<ref name="RussoTaming11" /> Domestication of the crop has limited the genetic variability in the crop and the impact on crop diversity, physiology, and metabolism is not fully understood. Further research is needed to evaluate the low abundance cannabinoids for potential medicinal efficacy and to determine their roles in plant metabolism.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Several classification systems have been proposed for ''Cannabis'' based on a limited number of phenotypic attributes.<ref name="ClarkeCanna17" /><ref name="SmallEvo15" /><ref name="SmallLetter73">{{cite journal |title=Letter: Cannabinoid phenotypes in ''Cannabis sativa'' |journal=Nature |author=Small, E.; Beckstead, H.D. |volume=245 |issue=5421 |pages=147–8 |year=1973 |pmid=4582664}}</ref> The concept of a “strain” does not reflect the crop domestication, breeding programs, or plant chemistry. The strains available in the Canadian marketplace are closely related, and evaluating single metabolite classes does not provide sufficient information to understand the phytochemical diversity available. The abundance of secondary metabolites within plants does not necessarily correlate with pharmacological significance, and with ''Cannabis'' there is the postulated “entourage effect” describing the synergistic effects of many metabolites for anecdotal medical efficacy.<ref name="RussoTaming11" /> Domestication of the crop has limited the genetic variability in the crop<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </ins>and the impact on crop diversity, physiology, and metabolism is not fully understood. Further research is needed to evaluate the low abundance cannabinoids for potential medicinal efficacy and to determine their roles in plant metabolism.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Methods==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Methods==</div></td></tr>
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</table>Shawndouglashttps://www.limswiki.org/index.php?title=Journal:Chemometric_analysis_of_cannabinoids:_Chemotaxonomy_and_domestication_syndrome&diff=35652&oldid=prevShawndouglas: Updated.2019-05-29T00:01:07Z<p>Updated.</p>
<a href="https://www.limswiki.org/index.php?title=Journal:Chemometric_analysis_of_cannabinoids:_Chemotaxonomy_and_domestication_syndrome&diff=35652&oldid=35651">Show changes</a>Shawndouglashttps://www.limswiki.org/index.php?title=Journal:Chemometric_analysis_of_cannabinoids:_Chemotaxonomy_and_domestication_syndrome&diff=35651&oldid=prevShawndouglas: Created as needed, from CannaQAwiki2019-05-28T23:49:30Z<p>Created as needed, from CannaQAwiki</p>
<a href="https://www.limswiki.org/index.php?title=Journal:Chemometric_analysis_of_cannabinoids:_Chemotaxonomy_and_domestication_syndrome&diff=35651">Show changes</a>Shawndouglas